Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.
Asthma and Air Quality Branch, Division of Environmental Health Science and Practice, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Hwy NE, Mailstop S106-6, Atlanta, GA 30341 (
Prev Chronic Dis. 2024 Sep 19;21:E71. doi: 10.5888/pcd21.240049.
Some racial and ethnic minority communities have long faced a higher asthma burden than non-Hispanic White communities. Prior research on racial and ethnic pediatric asthma disparities found stable or increasing disparities, but more recent data allow for updated analysis of these trends.
Using 2012-2020 National Inpatient Sample data, we estimated the number of pediatric asthma hospitalizations by sex, age, and race and ethnicity. We converted these estimates into rates using data from the US Census Bureau and then conducted meta-regression to assess changes over time. Because the analysis spanned a 2015 change in diagnostic coding, we performed separate analyses for periods before and after the change. We also excluded 2020 data from the regression analysis.
The number of pediatric asthma hospitalizations decreased over the analysis period. Non-Hispanic Black children had the highest prevalence (range, 9.8-36.7 hospitalizations per 10,000 children), whereas prevalence was lowest among non-Hispanic White children (range, 2.2-9.4 hospitalizations per 10,000 children). Although some evidence suggests that race-specific trends varied modestly across groups, results overall were consistent with a similar rate of decrease across all groups (2012-2015, slope = -0.83 [95% CI, -1.14 to -0.52]; 2016-2019, slope = -0.35 [95% CI, -0.58 to -0.12]).
Non-Hispanic Black children remain disproportionately burdened by asthma-related hospitalizations. Although the prevalence of asthma hospitalization is decreasing among all racial and ethnic groups, the rates of decline are similar across groups. Therefore, previously identified disparities persist. Interventions that consider the specific needs of members of disproportionately affected groups may reduce these disparities.
一些种族和少数民族社区长期以来面临着比非西班牙裔白人社区更高的哮喘负担。先前关于种族和族裔儿科哮喘差异的研究发现，这些差异是稳定的或在增加，但最近的数据允许对这些趋势进行更新分析。
我们使用 2012-2020 年全国住院患者样本数据，按性别、年龄和种族和族裔估计儿科哮喘住院人数。我们使用美国人口普查局的数据将这些估计转换为比率，然后进行荟萃回归分析以评估随时间的变化。由于分析跨越了 2015 年诊断编码的变化，因此我们对变化前后的时间段进行了单独分析。我们还从回归分析中排除了 2020 年的数据。
儿科哮喘住院人数在分析期间有所下降。非西班牙裔黑人儿童的患病率最高（范围为每 10000 名儿童中有 9.8-36.7 例住院），而非西班牙裔白人儿童的患病率最低（范围为每 10000 名儿童中有 2.2-9.4 例住院）。尽管有一些证据表明，特定种族的趋势在不同群体中略有不同，但总体结果与所有群体的下降率相似（2012-2015 年，斜率=-0.83[95%CI，-1.14 至-0.52]；2016-2019 年，斜率=-0.35[95%CI，-0.58 至-0.12]）。
非西班牙裔黑人儿童仍然不成比例地受到哮喘相关住院的困扰。尽管所有种族和族裔群体的哮喘住院率都在下降，但各群体的下降率相似。因此，先前确定的差异仍然存在。考虑到受影响群体特定需求的干预措施可能会减少这些差异。
