Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, P. O. Box 8915173160, Yazd, Iran.
BMC Public Health. 2024 Sep 19;24(1):2560. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-19861-4.
A few studies have examined the association between different types of dietary fiber as well as their sources and the risk of breast cancer (BC) and the present study aimed to investigate these associations in a case-control study among Iranian women.
A total of 464 women with pathologically confirmed breast cancer within the past year and 498 age-matched healthy controls were included. Dietary intakes were assessed using a 168-item food frequency questionnaire. The association between dietary soluble, insoluble, total dietary fiber, as well as, fiber from fruits, vegetables, legumes, cereals, and nuts intake with odds of breast cancer was assessed using multivariate logistic regression analysis.
Mean total dietary fiber intake of patients with and without cancer were 33.1 ± 15.3 g per day (g/d) and 34.2 ± 16.5 (g/d), respectively. Dietary total fiber (OR = 0.65; 95%CI: 0.47-0.90, P = 0.01), insoluble fiber (OR = 0.68; 95%CI: 0.49-0.93, P = 0.01), fruits' fiber (OR = 0.68; 95%CI: 0.49-0.94, P = 0.02), and vegetables' fiber (OR = 0.66; 95%CI: 0.48-0.91, P = 0.01) were significantly associated with reduced likelihood of developing breast cancer in all participants. Furthermore, dietary total and insoluble fiber, as well as, fiber from fruits were significantly associated with lower odds of breast cancer in premenopausal women (P < 0.05). In contrast, cereals' fiber significantly increased the risk of breast cancer by 84% in premenopausal women (OR = 1.84; 95%CI: 1.18-2.86, P = 0.009). In postmenopausal women, cereals' fiber had a significant inverse association with odds of breast cancer (OR = 0.56; 95%CI: 0.31-1.03, P = 0.04). Also, fiber from vegetables was significantly associated with a lower risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women (OR = 0.53; 95%CI: 0.30-0.94, P = 0.03).
Dietary fiber intake and more specifically insoluble, fruits', and vegetables' fiber intake might be associated with a reduced breast cancer risk, particularly in premenopausal women. Future prospective investigations are needed to confirm these findings.
已有一些研究探讨了不同类型膳食纤维及其来源与乳腺癌（BC）风险之间的关联，本研究旨在伊朗女性的病例对照研究中调查这些关联。
共纳入 464 名过去一年内经病理证实的乳腺癌患者和 498 名年龄匹配的健康对照者。采用 168 项食物频率问卷评估膳食摄入量。采用多变量 logistic 回归分析评估可溶性、不溶性膳食纤维以及水果、蔬菜、豆类、谷物和坚果纤维摄入量与乳腺癌发病风险的关系。
癌症患者和无癌症患者的平均总膳食纤维摄入量分别为 33.1±15.3 g/d 和 34.2±16.5 g/d。总膳食纤维（OR=0.65；95%CI：0.47-0.90，P=0.01）、不溶性膳食纤维（OR=0.68；95%CI：0.49-0.93，P=0.01）、水果纤维（OR=0.68；95%CI：0.49-0.94，P=0.02）和蔬菜纤维（OR=0.66；95%CI：0.48-0.91，P=0.01）与所有参与者患乳腺癌的可能性降低显著相关。此外，膳食纤维总摄入量和不溶性膳食纤维以及水果纤维与绝经前妇女患乳腺癌的几率降低显著相关（P<0.05）。相反，谷物纤维使绝经前妇女患乳腺癌的风险增加 84%（OR=1.84；95%CI：1.18-2.86，P=0.009）。在绝经后妇女中，谷物纤维与乳腺癌发病风险呈显著负相关（OR=0.56；95%CI：0.31-1.03，P=0.04）。此外，蔬菜纤维与绝经后妇女乳腺癌风险降低显著相关（OR=0.53；95%CI：0.30-0.94，P=0.03）。
膳食纤维的摄入，特别是不溶性膳食纤维、水果和蔬菜纤维的摄入，可能与乳腺癌风险降低有关，尤其是在绝经前妇女中。需要进一步的前瞻性研究来证实这些发现。
