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尼古丁袋引起的口腔黏膜变化：病例系列。

Oral mucosal changes caused by nicotine pouches: case series.

机构信息

Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia.

Department of Biology and Microbiology, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia.

出版信息

Diagn Pathol. 2024 Sep 19;19(1):127. doi: 10.1186/s13000-024-01549-3.

DOI:10.1186/s13000-024-01549-3
PMID:39300504
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11412064/
Abstract

Oral nicotine pouches are the latest products in the tobacco industry. They are manufactured by large tobacco companies and entice tobacco or nicotine addicts, although the products are presented as a 'harmless choice.' Nevertheless, dentists and oral health specialists worry about oral mucosal changes due to product interactions with the oral mucosa. Unfortunately, there are no case reports of oral mucosal changes from nicotine pouches that are also investigated histopathologically. The aim of the present study was to visually and histopathologically investigate oral mucosal changes in nicotine pouch users. An online retrospective survey regarding medical and dental health, dietary habits, and tobacco consumption habits was conducted (n = 50). Respondents were selected for further intraoral and histopathological investigation based on the inclusion criteria. All five respondents had oral lesions that were histopathologically analyzed. Visually, the lesions varied in form and intensity, but all appeared white at the location where the pouches were placed. Histopathological analyses revealed parakeratosis with acanthotic epithelium, intraepithelial and connective tissue oedema, and chronic inflammatory infiltration with lymphocytes and macrophages. Participants received information about nicotine cessation and oral health recommendations. In conclusion, nicotine pouches significantly impacted oral mucosa with white lesions that revealed important changes at the cellular level.

摘要

口腔尼古丁袋是烟草行业的最新产品。它们由大型烟草公司生产，吸引着烟草或尼古丁成瘾者，尽管这些产品被宣传为“无害的选择”。然而，牙医和口腔健康专家担心产品与口腔黏膜相互作用会导致口腔黏膜发生变化。不幸的是，目前还没有关于尼古丁袋引起的口腔黏膜变化的病例报告，也没有进行组织病理学调查。本研究旨在通过肉眼和组织病理学观察来研究尼古丁袋使用者的口腔黏膜变化。进行了一项关于医疗和牙科健康、饮食习惯和烟草消费习惯的在线回顾性调查（n=50）。根据纳入标准，选择了符合条件的受访者进行进一步的口腔内和组织病理学检查。所有五名受访者都有口腔病变，这些病变均进行了组织病理学分析。肉眼观察，病变的形态和强度各不相同，但所有病变在放置烟袋的位置均呈白色。组织病理学分析显示角化过度伴棘皮症、上皮内和结缔组织水肿以及慢性炎症浸润伴淋巴细胞和巨噬细胞。参与者收到了关于尼古丁戒除和口腔健康建议的信息。总之，尼古丁袋对口腔黏膜有显著影响，导致出现白色病变，这些病变在细胞水平上显示出重要的变化。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5684/11412064/1d2e79730ade/13000_2024_1549_Fig11_HTML.jpg
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https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5684/11412064/ff0b0d8ac787/13000_2024_1549_Fig5_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5684/11412064/1128e167f384/13000_2024_1549_Fig6_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5684/11412064/bd692028f1c6/13000_2024_1549_Fig7_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5684/11412064/cae969592a92/13000_2024_1549_Fig8_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5684/11412064/45acdcd431af/13000_2024_1549_Fig9_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5684/11412064/88ccf2844f97/13000_2024_1549_Fig10_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5684/11412064/1d2e79730ade/13000_2024_1549_Fig11_HTML.jpg

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Tobacco Product Use Among U.S. Middle and High School Students - National Youth Tobacco Survey, 2023.美国中、高中生烟草制品使用情况——2023 年全国青年烟草调查。
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2023 Nov 3;72(44):1173-1182. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7244a1.
3
Including the term 'tobacco-free nicotine' in the nicotine addiction warning label mandated by the US Food and Drug Administration alters risk perceptions and use intentions.
在美国食品药品监督管理局强制要求的尼古丁成瘾警告标签中加入“无烟草尼古丁”一词，会改变风险认知和使用意图。
Tob Control. 2025 Apr 1;34(2):212-219. doi: 10.1136/tc-2023-058133.
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Nicotine pouches: a review for the dental team.尼古丁袋：口腔团队的综述。
Br Dent J. 2023 Oct;235(8):643-646. doi: 10.1038/s41415-023-6383-7. Epub 2023 Oct 27.
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Nicotine addiction: More than just dopamine.尼古丁成瘾：不仅仅是多巴胺。
Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2023 Dec;83:102797. doi: 10.1016/j.conb.2023.102797. Epub 2023 Oct 11.
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A Cross-Sectional Survey on Oral Nicotine Pouches: Characterizing Use-Motives, Topography, Dependence Levels, and Adverse Events.横断面调查尼古丁袋：特点使用动机、地形、依赖水平和不良事件。
Nicotine Tob Res. 2024 Jan 22;26(2):245-249. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntad179.
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