Istanbul Gelisim University, Faculty of Dentistry, Basic Medical Sciences, Biochemistry, Avcilar, Istanbul, Turkiye; Istanbul Gelisim University, Life Sciences and Biomedical Engineering Application and Research Centre, Istanbul, Turkiye.
Marmara University, Faculty of Dentistry, Basic Medical Sciences, Biochemistry, Maltepe, Istanbul, Turkiye.
Exp Eye Res. 2024 Nov;248:110104. doi: 10.1016/j.exer.2024.110104. Epub 2024 Sep 19.
Dysfunction of the extraorbital lacrimal gland (ELG) can lead to loss of vision due to damage to the epithelium of cornea. The broad-spectrum anti-epileptic drug sodium valproate (SV) has numerous side effects. Moringa oleifera (M.oleifera) is widely used as a food and in folk medicine. The effects of orally administered SV and M. oleifera hydroalcoholic leaf extract on rat ELG were investigated in this study by analysing both antioxidant and oxidant parameters. Additionally, boron level and tissue factor (TF) activity were determined. Protein changes were detected by sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Significantly lower values of glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and total antioxidant status (TAS) were observed in the SV group compared to the control group. Treatment with Moringa extract significantly increased SOD, CAT and TAS values in the Moringa given SV group (SVM). While no significant differences were observed between the sialic acid values of the groups, lipid peroxidation (LPO), nitric oxide (NO) and total oxidant status (TOS) values were significantly elevated in the SV group compared to the control group. Due to the effect of Moringa extract, LPO, NO and TOS levels were significantly decreased in the SVM group compared to the SV group. TF activity was not meaningfully altered between groups. Compared to control rats, oxidative stress index (OSI) level significantly increased, whereas the boron level decreased in the SV group. Moringa extract treatment noticeably reduced OSI in the SVM group. According to SDS-PAGE, decreases in the density of protein bands with molecular weights of 51, 83, and 90 kDa were observed in SV given rats compared to the other groups. These decreases were reversed by the administration of Moringa extract. Moringa extract has shown protective properties arising from antioxidant potential, especially with its very low OSI value. Individuals undergoing SV treatment and having ELG complications might consider using Moringa extract to mitigate valproate induced damage.
眼外泪腺功能障碍可导致角膜上皮损伤而导致视力丧失。广谱抗癫痫药丙戊酸钠（SV）有许多副作用。辣木（Moringa oleifera）广泛用作食品和民间药物。本研究通过分析抗氧化和氧化参数，研究了口服 SV 和辣木叶水醇提取物对大鼠眼外泪腺的影响。此外，还测定了硼水平和组织因子（TF）活性。通过十二烷基硫酸钠凝胶电泳（SDS-PAGE）检测蛋白质变化。与对照组相比，SV 组的谷胱甘肽（GSH）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和总抗氧化状态（TAS）值显著降低。给予辣木叶提取物治疗可显著增加 SV 组的 SOD、CAT 和 TAS 值（SVM）。各组唾液酸值无显著差异，但 SV 组的脂质过氧化（LPO）、一氧化氮（NO）和总氧化剂状态（TOS）值显著高于对照组。由于辣木叶提取物的作用，SVM 组的 LPO、NO 和 TOS 水平与 SV 组相比显著降低。TF 活性在各组之间无明显差异。与对照组大鼠相比，SV 组的氧化应激指数（OSI）水平显著升高，硼水平降低。辣木叶提取物治疗可显著降低 SVM 组的 OSI。根据 SDS-PAGE，与其他组相比，给予 SV 的大鼠的蛋白质带密度降低，分子量为 51、83 和 90 kDa。这些减少被辣木叶提取物的给药逆转。辣木叶提取物具有抗氧化潜力的保护特性，特别是其非常低的 OSI 值。接受 SV 治疗并有眼外泪腺并发症的个体可能会考虑使用辣木叶提取物来减轻丙戊酸钠引起的损伤。
