Verdezoto Alvarado Adriana, Burns Kaelyn F, Brewer Benjamin, Robson Shannon M
Department of Health Behavior and Nutrition Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware.
Department of Health Behavior and Nutrition Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware; Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York.
J Acad Nutr Diet. 2025 May;125(5):674-681. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2024.09.006. Epub 2024 Sep 19.
Home food availability has been identified as an important influence on dietary intake. Less is known about the relationship between the physical home food environment (HFE) and factors of cardiometabolic health in children.
The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between the physical HFE and diet quality and factors of cardiometabolic health (eg, weight and blood biomarkers).
This was a cross-sectional secondary analysis with 1 or more children per household.
PARTICIPANTS/SETTING: This study included 44 children aged 6 to 12 years from 29 households in the Newark, DE area between August 2020 and August 2021.
The Home Food Inventory provides an obesogenic score (ie, score indicative of the presence of energy-dense foods) for the overall HFE and HFE subcategories scores; body mass index z-scores were calculated using measured height and weight; diet quality was measured using the Healthy Eating Index 2020 (HEI-2020) total scores; and cardiometabolic biomarkers were obtained from serum blood samples.
Unadjusted and adjusted linear mixed model regressions were used to test the association between the physical HFE and each of the outcome variables: body mass index z scores, HEI-2020 total scores, and cardiometabolic biomarkers. HFE subcategories (eg, fruits and vegetables) were also examined with each outcome using linear mixed model regression.
Mean ± SD age of the children was 9.5 ± 1.9 years, 61.4% were female, 59.1% identified as White, and 90.9% were non-Hispanic. Obesogenic score was significantly associated with body mass index z scores (β = .03, P = .029), but not HEI-2020 total scores or cardiometabolic biomarkers. As HFE fruits and vegetables subcategory increased, HEI-2020 total scores significantly increased (β = .73, P = .005) and total cholesterol (β = -1.54, P = .014) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (β = -1.31, P = .010) significantly decreased. Increased availability of sweet and salty snack food and availability of sugar-sweetened beverages was associated with increased fasting blood glucose (β = 0.65, P = .033) and insulin levels (β = 5.60, P = .035) respectively.
There is evidence of a relationship between the subcategories of the physical HFE and cardiometabolic factors. Future interventions are needed to understand whether altering the overall HFE or specific subcategories within the HFE can improve cardiometabolic health.
家庭食物供应已被确定为对饮食摄入的重要影响因素。关于家庭食物物理环境（HFE）与儿童心脏代谢健康因素之间的关系，人们了解较少。
本研究的目的是探讨家庭食物物理环境与饮食质量以及心脏代谢健康因素（如体重和血液生物标志物）之间的关系。
这是一项横断面二次分析，每户有1名或多名儿童。
参与者/地点：本研究纳入了2020年8月至2021年8月期间来自特拉华州纽瓦克地区29户家庭的44名6至12岁儿童。
家庭食物清单为整体HFE和HFE子类别提供了一个致肥胖评分（即表明存在能量密集型食物的评分）；使用测量的身高和体重计算体重指数z评分；使用2020年健康饮食指数（HEI-2020）总分测量饮食质量；并从血清血样中获取心脏代谢生物标志物。
使用未调整和调整后的线性混合模型回归来检验家庭食物物理环境与每个结局变量之间的关联：体重指数z评分、HEI-2020总分和心脏代谢生物标志物。还使用线性混合模型回归对每个结局检查HFE子类别（如水果和蔬菜）。
儿童的平均年龄±标准差为9.5±1.9岁，61.4%为女性，59.1%为白人，90.9%为非西班牙裔。致肥胖评分与体重指数z评分显著相关（β = 0.03，P = 0.029），但与HEI-2020总分或心脏代谢生物标志物无关。随着HFE水果和蔬菜子类别增加，HEI-2020总分显著增加（β = 0.73，P = 0.005），总胆固醇（β = -1.54，P = 0.014）和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平（β = -1.31，P = 0.010）显著降低。甜味和咸味零食的供应增加以及含糖饮料的供应增加分别与空腹血糖升高（β = 0.65，P = 0.033）和胰岛素水平升高（β = 5.60，P = 0.035）相关。
有证据表明家庭食物物理环境的子类别与心脏代谢因素之间存在关系。未来需要进行干预，以了解改变整体HFE或HFE中的特定子类别是否可以改善心脏代谢健康。
