Lhasa Plateau Ecosystem Research Station, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Lhasa Plateau Ecosystem Research Station, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2024 Dec 1;954:176404. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176404. Epub 2024 Sep 19.
There is increasing evidence that forage nutrition quality is becoming more unstable over time due to climate change and/or human activities. However, there are limited numbers of studies at the regional scale exploring the spatiotemporal patterns and driving mechanisms of temporal stability of nutrition quality. Therefore, this study quantified the spatiotemporal patterns of temporal stability of forage nutrition quality in alpine grasslands of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau under the singular or combined influences of climate change and human activities in 2000-2020. Temporal stability of forage nutrition quality displayed obvious spatiotemporal patterns, with human activities altering the impact of climate change on these spatiotemporal patterns. Under combined effects of climate change and human activities, spatial average values of temporal stability of crude protein (CP), ash (Ash), ether extract (EE), water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) decreased by 13.54 %, 7.40 %, 9.02 %, 17.78 %, 9.20 %, and 7.28 % across the whole grasslands, respectively. However, 39.43 %, 45.72 %, 42.98 %, 37.82 %, 42.27 %, and 43.50 % areas showed increasing trends for the temporal stability of CP, Ash, EE, WSC, ADF and NDF, respectively. Climate change predominated 46.15 %, 44.46 %, 44.22 %, 47.32 %, 28.68 %, and 45.31 % of the relative change of temporal stability of CP, Ash, EE, WSC, ADF, and NDF, but human activities had higher influence for 53.82 %, 55.53 %, 55.77 %, 52.55 %, 71.30 %, and 54.68 % of grasslands, respectively. Therefore, the spatial patterns of temporal stability of forage nutrition quality were shifting towards homogeneity, with an overall decrease in temporal stability but localized increases in alpine grasslands of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The effects of climate change and human activities on forage nutrition quality were not always synergistic. The trade-off between nutrition quality and its temporal stability did not always exist, but varied with geographic position.
越来越多的证据表明，由于气候变化和/或人类活动，饲料的营养质量变得越来越不稳定。然而，在区域尺度上，探索营养质量时间稳定性的时空格局和驱动机制的研究数量有限。因此，本研究量化了青藏高原高寒草地在 2000-2020 年间，在气候变化和人类活动单一或综合影响下，饲料营养质量时间稳定性的时空格局。饲料营养质量的时间稳定性表现出明显的时空格局，人类活动改变了气候变化对这些时空格局的影响。在气候变化和人类活动的综合影响下，整个草地的粗蛋白（CP）、灰分（Ash）、乙醚提取物（EE）、水溶性碳水化合物（WSC）、酸性洗涤纤维（ADF）和中性洗涤纤维（NDF）的时间稳定性的空间平均值分别降低了 13.54%、7.40%、9.02%、17.78%、9.20%和 7.28%。然而，CP、Ash、EE、WSC、ADF 和 NDF 的时间稳定性分别增加了 39.43%、45.72%、42.98%、37.82%、42.27%和 43.50%的区域。气候变化主导了 CP、Ash、EE、WSC、ADF 和 NDF 时间稳定性相对变化的 46.15%、44.46%、44.22%、47.32%、28.68%和 45.31%，但人类活动对 53.82%、55.53%、55.77%、52.55%、71.30%和 54.68%的草地有更高的影响。因此，高寒草地饲料营养质量时间稳定性的空间格局正在向均一化方向转变，整体时间稳定性降低，但局部地区增加。气候变化和人类活动对饲料营养质量的影响并不总是协同的。营养质量及其时间稳定性之间的权衡并不总是存在，而是随地理位置而变化。
