Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; The Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; The Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Trends Immunol. 2024 Oct;45(10):783-798. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2024.08.007. Epub 2024 Sep 21.
Nociceptors have emerged as master regulators of immune responses in both homeostatic and pathologic settings; however, their seemingly contradictory effects on the functions of different immune cell subsets have been a source of confusion. Nevertheless, work by many groups in recent years has begun to identify patterns of the modalities and consequences of nociceptor-immune system communication. Here, we review recent findings of how nociceptors affect immunity and propose an integrated concept whereby nociceptors are neither inherently pro- nor anti-inflammatory. Rather, we propose that nociceptors have the role of a rheostat that, in a context-dependent manner, favors tissue homeostasis and fine-tunes immunity by preventing excessive histotoxic inflammation, promoting tissue repair, and potentiating anticipatory and adaptive immune responses.
伤害感受器已成为体内平衡和病理环境中免疫反应的主要调节因子；然而，它们对不同免疫细胞亚群功能的看似矛盾的影响一直令人困惑。然而，近年来许多研究小组的工作已经开始确定伤害感受器-免疫系统通讯的方式和后果的模式。在这里，我们回顾了伤害感受器如何影响免疫的最新发现，并提出了一个综合概念，即伤害感受器既不是固有地抗炎也不是促炎。相反，我们提出伤害感受器的作用类似于变阻器，以依赖于上下文的方式，通过防止过度组织毒性炎症、促进组织修复和增强预期和适应性免疫反应来促进组织稳态和微调免疫。
