Yu Yuhua, Salvi Carola, Becker Maxi, Beeman Mark
Department of Psychology, Northwestern University.
Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas at Austin.
Think Reason. 2024;30(3):509-530. doi: 10.1080/13546783.2023.2259552. Epub 2023 Sep 19.
Solving problems with insight culminates in an " moment": a feeling of confidence and pleasure. In daily life, insights are often followed by important decisions, such as deciding what to do with a new idea. Here, we investigated whether having an Aha! moment affects subsequent decision-making. Because Aha! moments tend to elicit positive affect, which is generally associated with an increased risk-taking tendency, we hypothesized that people would favor a monetary payout with more upside despite greater uncertainty after solving a problem with insight. Participants were asked to solve verbal puzzles and report whether they solved them with insight or without insight. After each puzzle, they chose between two bonuses: a or a with 50% chance of receiving a high or a low payout. Participants were more likely to choose the risk payout after they solved with insight compared to without, suggesting a temporarily higher risk preference. The study provided preliminary evidence of a carryover effect - the impact of an Aha! moment on the subsequent risk choice - that can have implications in everyday decision-making.
通过洞察力解决问题最终会迎来一个“顿悟时刻”:一种自信和愉悦的感觉。在日常生活中,顿悟之后往往会做出重要决定,比如决定如何处理一个新想法。在此,我们研究了顿悟时刻是否会影响后续的决策。因为顿悟时刻往往会引发积极情绪,而积极情绪通常与冒险倾向增加有关,所以我们假设,人们在通过洞察力解决问题后,尽管不确定性更大,但会更倾向于选择有更大上升空间的金钱回报。参与者被要求解决文字谜题,并报告他们是通过洞察力还是非洞察力解决的。在每道谜题之后,他们要在两种奖励之间做出选择:一种是确定的奖励,另一种是有50%的机会获得高回报或低回报的奖励。与非洞察力解决问题后相比,参与者在通过洞察力解决问题后更有可能选择有风险的回报,这表明他们暂时有更高的风险偏好。该研究提供了一种延续效应的初步证据——顿悟时刻对后续风险选择的影响——这可能会对日常决策产生影响。