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通过顿悟来解决问题会增加风险偏好。

Solving problems with an Aha! increases risk preference.

作者信息

Yu Yuhua, Salvi Carola, Becker Maxi, Beeman Mark

机构信息

Department of Psychology, Northwestern University.

Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas at Austin.

出版信息

Think Reason. 2024;30(3):509-530. doi: 10.1080/13546783.2023.2259552. Epub 2023 Sep 19.

Abstract

Solving problems with insight culminates in an " moment": a feeling of confidence and pleasure. In daily life, insights are often followed by important decisions, such as deciding what to do with a new idea. Here, we investigated whether having an Aha! moment affects subsequent decision-making. Because Aha! moments tend to elicit positive affect, which is generally associated with an increased risk-taking tendency, we hypothesized that people would favor a monetary payout with more upside despite greater uncertainty after solving a problem with insight. Participants were asked to solve verbal puzzles and report whether they solved them with insight or without insight. After each puzzle, they chose between two bonuses: a or a with 50% chance of receiving a high or a low payout. Participants were more likely to choose the risk payout after they solved with insight compared to without, suggesting a temporarily higher risk preference. The study provided preliminary evidence of a carryover effect - the impact of an Aha! moment on the subsequent risk choice - that can have implications in everyday decision-making.

摘要

通过洞察力解决问题最终会迎来一个“顿悟时刻”:一种自信和愉悦的感觉。在日常生活中,顿悟之后往往会做出重要决定,比如决定如何处理一个新想法。在此,我们研究了顿悟时刻是否会影响后续的决策。因为顿悟时刻往往会引发积极情绪,而积极情绪通常与冒险倾向增加有关,所以我们假设,人们在通过洞察力解决问题后,尽管不确定性更大,但会更倾向于选择有更大上升空间的金钱回报。参与者被要求解决文字谜题,并报告他们是通过洞察力还是非洞察力解决的。在每道谜题之后,他们要在两种奖励之间做出选择:一种是确定的奖励,另一种是有50%的机会获得高回报或低回报的奖励。与非洞察力解决问题后相比,参与者在通过洞察力解决问题后更有可能选择有风险的回报,这表明他们暂时有更高的风险偏好。该研究提供了一种延续效应的初步证据——顿悟时刻对后续风险选择的影响——这可能会对日常决策产生影响。

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