Vlase Constantin-Marinel, Stuparu Cretu Mariana, Vasile Mihaela-Camelia, Popovici George-Cosmin, Arbune Manuela
Doctoral Studies in Biomedical Sciences, "Dunarea de Jos" University Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania.
Military Hospital "Dr. Aristide Serfioti" Galați, 800008 Galati, Romania.
Infect Dis Rep. 2024 Aug 23;16(5):783-793. doi: 10.3390/idr16050060.
COVID-19 and influenza are highly contagious respiratory viral diseases and priority global public health concerns. We conducted a retrospective observational study of COVID-19 and/or influenza hospitalized cases, during 2023. We identified 170 influenza cases, 150 COVID-19 cases and 3 co-infections. Overall, 29.10% of patients had at least one COVID-19 vaccine dose and 4.6% received the seasonal Flu vaccine. The demographic data found older patients in the COVID-19 group and a higher index of the comorbidities, mainly due to chronic heart diseases, hypertension, and diabetes. Fever, chills, and rhinorrhea were more frequently related to influenza, while cough was prevalent in COVID-19. Antibiotics were more used in influenza than COVID-19, either pre-hospital or in-hospital. The mortality rate within the first 30 days from the onset of the respiratory infection was higher in influenza compared to COVID-19. We concluded that the COVID-19 clinical picture in hospitalized patients is changing to influenza-like symptoms. The evolution is variable, related to chronic comorbidities, but influenza had more frequent severe forms. All through 2023, due to poor vaccination rates, COVID-19 and influenza have continued to cause numerous hospitalizations, and a new strategy for efficient vaccinations is required.
新冠病毒病（COVID-19）和流感是具有高度传染性的呼吸道病毒性疾病，也是全球重点关注的公共卫生问题。我们对2023年期间因COVID-19和/或流感住院的病例进行了一项回顾性观察研究。我们确定了170例流感病例、150例COVID-19病例和3例合并感染病例。总体而言，29.10%的患者至少接种过一剂COVID-19疫苗，4.6%的患者接种了季节性流感疫苗。人口统计学数据显示，COVID-19组患者年龄较大，合并症指数较高，主要原因是慢性心脏病、高血压和糖尿病。发热、寒战和流鼻涕与流感的相关性更强，而咳嗽在COVID-19中更为常见。无论是院前还是院内，流感患者使用抗生素的频率都高于COVID-19患者。呼吸道感染发病后30天内，流感患者的死亡率高于COVID-19患者。我们得出结论，住院患者的COVID-19临床表现正在转变为类似流感的症状。其病情发展具有可变性，与慢性合并症有关，但流感的严重形式更为常见。在整个2023年，由于疫苗接种率低，COVID-19和流感继续导致大量住院病例，因此需要一种有效的疫苗接种新策略。
