BACKGROUND: In the last two decades, the role of the gut microbiome in the development, maintenance, and outcome of sepsis has received increased attention; however, few descriptive studies exist on its research focus, priorities, and future prospects. This study aimed to identify the current state, evolution, and emerging trends in the field of gut microbiota and sepsis using bibliometric analysis. METHODS: All publications on sepsis and gut microbiota were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection and included in this study. VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and the Web of Science online analysis platform were used to visualize trends based on publication country, institution, author, journal, and keywords. RESULTS: A total of 1,882 articles on sepsis-related gut microbiota were screened, mainly from 95 countries or regions and 2,581 institutions. The United States and China contributed the most to this research field, with 521 (27.683 %) and 376 (19.979 %) articles, respectively. Scientists from the University of California were the most prolific, publishing 63 (3.348 %) articles. Cani PD published papers with the highest H-index, establishing himself as a leader in the field. The most publications were published in the journals "Nutrients" and "PLOS One." The journals with the most co-citations were "PLOS One," "Nature," and "Gut." The most used keywords were prebiotics, gut microbiota, and sepsis. The keyword burst research analysis revealed that research on treatment strategies based on the intestinal microbiota, intestine-liver axis, and regulatory mechanisms of bacterial metabolites are currently hot directions. CONCLUSION: This study presents a global overview of the current state and potential trends in the field of sepsis-related gut microbiota. This study identified hot research sub-directions and new trends through comparison and analysis, which will aid in the development of this field.