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实体观与复杂多胎妊娠病例

The Substance View and Cases of Complicated Multifetal Pregnancy.

作者信息

Singh P

机构信息

University of Ottawa, 75 Laurier Ave E, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada.

出版信息

J Bioeth Inq. 2025 Jun;22(2):313-320. doi: 10.1007/s11673-024-10385-5. Epub 2024 Sep 25.

Abstract

I consider cases of multifetal pregnancy in which one fetus with a fatal birth defect poses a risk to the survival of another healthy fetus to show that the substance view anti-abortion position leads to a contradiction. In cases of complicated multifetal pregnancy, if intervention by selective abortion to terminate the defective fetus is not performed, both fetuses will die due to the conditions created by the defective fetus's fatal birth defect. Because abortion is wrong on the anti-abortion position, and a moderate anti-abortion position cannot make an exception for selective abortion in cases of complicated multifetal pregnancy if it operates on the substance view, choosing selective abortion must be wrong, so one must let both fetuses die. However, the substance view anti-abortion position must take letting both fetuses die to be wrong, otherwise it will undermine itself as an anti-abortion position. Further, the substance view provides grounds for why letting fetuses die would be wrong anyway. Thus, the substance view anti-abortion position must take both having an abortion and not having an abortion to be wrong, which is a contradiction. Therefore, cases of complicated multifetal pregnancy show that the substance view anti-abortion position is false.

摘要

我认为,在多胎妊娠的情况下,如果一个患有致命出生缺陷的胎儿对另一个健康胎儿的存活构成风险,这表明实体观的反堕胎立场会导致矛盾。在复杂的多胎妊娠案例中,如果不通过选择性堕胎进行干预以终止有缺陷的胎儿,那么由于有缺陷胎儿的致命出生缺陷所造成的状况,两个胎儿都会死亡。因为从反堕胎立场来看堕胎是错误的,而且如果基于实体观,温和的反堕胎立场在复杂的多胎妊娠案例中不能为选择性堕胎开例外,那么选择选择性堕胎必然是错误的,所以必须让两个胎儿都死亡。然而,实体观的反堕胎立场必须认为让两个胎儿都死亡是错误的,否则它作为一种反堕胎立场就会自我瓦解。此外,实体观为为什么让胎儿死亡无论如何都是错误的提供了依据。因此,实体观的反堕胎立场必须认为堕胎和不堕胎都是错误的,这是一个矛盾。所以,复杂的多胎妊娠案例表明实体观的反堕胎立场是错误的。

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