Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, People's Republic of China.
Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, People's Republic of China.
Mikrochim Acta. 2024 Sep 26;191(10):626. doi: 10.1007/s00604-024-06706-5.
With the advancement of nanotechnology, various types of nanomaterials have been integrated into electrochemical immunoelectrodes to enhance their performance. Among these, MXene stands out as a promising candidate due to its high electron transfer capacity and abundant surface chemical groups. However, the improvement in electrode performance is often hindered by the self-restacking and agglomeration of MXene. To address this issue, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were selected to form composites with MXene. Subsequently, a label-free immunosensor, BSA/Ab/AuNPs/MXene-MWCNTs-Nafion/ITO, was fabricated for specific detection of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), a widely used tumor marker. The results demonstrated that the incorporation of MWCNTs can effectively prevent the self-stacking of MXene. Moreover, the composites enhanced the loading of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) to connect the antibodies, thereby improving electronic transmission signals and sensitivity. The sensor exhibited excellent analytical performance towards CEA with a wide linear range (0.050 to 200 ng mL) and a low limit of detection of 0.015 ng mL (S/N = 3). The possibility of it being applied in clinical trials was verified by using ELISA and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) assays to detect CEA in serum samples. The recoveries ranged from 95.34 to 102.09% with relative standard deviations (RSDs) below 5.00%. Furthermore, the sensor displayed satisfactory selectivity, repeatability, and stability. We hope the findings highlight promising prospects for advanced immunosensor development and alternative strategies in cancer diagnosis.
随着纳米技术的进步，各种类型的纳米材料已被整合到电化学免疫电极中，以提高其性能。其中，MXene 因其高电子转移能力和丰富的表面化学基团而成为一种很有前途的候选材料。然而，电极性能的提高往往受到 MXene 自堆叠和聚集的阻碍。为了解决这个问题，选择了多壁碳纳米管（MWCNTs）与 MXene 形成复合材料。随后，制备了一种无标记免疫传感器，BSA/Ab/AuNPs/MXene-MWCNTs-Nafion/ITO，用于特异性检测癌胚抗原（CEA），CEA 是一种广泛使用的肿瘤标志物。结果表明，MWCNTs 的掺入可以有效地防止 MXene 的自堆叠。此外，复合材料增强了金纳米粒子（AuNPs）的负载，以连接抗体，从而提高了电子传输信号和灵敏度。该传感器对 CEA 具有出色的分析性能，线性范围宽（0.050 至 200ng mL），检测限低至 0.015ng mL（S/N=3）。通过使用 ELISA 和差分脉冲伏安法（DPV）检测血清样品中的 CEA，验证了其在临床试验中的应用可能性。回收率在 95.34%至 102.09%之间，相对标准偏差（RSD）低于 5.00%。此外，该传感器还表现出良好的选择性、重复性和稳定性。我们希望这些发现能为先进的免疫传感器发展和癌症诊断的替代策略提供有前景的思路。
