Faculty of Rehabilitation, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan.; Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan..
Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
Clin Biomech (Bristol). 2024 Dec;120:106355. doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2024.106355. Epub 2024 Sep 21.
This study explored useful indices of potential fall risk in healthy older adults based on comprehensive clinical and simple quantitative posturographic measurements.
A total of 64 community-dwelling older adults aged ≥65 years were classified into fallers and non-fallers based on previous fall history. After excluding two participants due to missing data, 16 and 46 participants were included in the faller and non-faller groups, respectively. We conducted major clinical measurements, including timed up and go test, 10-m walk test, functional reach test, one-leg stand test, isometric muscle strength tests, open-close stepping test, and sit-to-stand test. For quantitative posturographic measurements, participants performed standing tasks with their eyes open and closed. In the standing tasks, the time series of the center of pressure in the anteroposterior and mediolateral directions were measured and decomposed into rambling and trembling components to evaluate postural control in detail, separately. The mean velocity and root mean square of the center of pressure, rambling, and trembling were calculated and compared between fallers and non-fallers.
A significant fall-related difference was found only in the mean velocity of the rambling in the anteroposterior direction; fallers displayed greater values than non-fallers, especially while standing with their eyes closed.
The clinical measures failed to distinguish differences in fall risk, whereas the rambling component in the anteroposterior direction could detect substantial differences. The mean velocity of the rambling component could be useful as a sensitive screening biomarker for potential fall risks in healthy older adults.
本研究基于全面的临床和简单的定量姿势描记测量，探讨了健康老年人潜在跌倒风险的有用指标。
根据既往跌倒史，将 64 名年龄≥65 岁的社区居住老年人分为跌倒者和非跌倒者。排除 2 名因数据缺失的参与者后，分别纳入 16 名和 46 名跌倒者和非跌倒者。我们进行了主要的临床测量，包括计时起立行走测试、10 米步行测试、功能性伸展测试、单腿站立测试、等长肌肉力量测试、开闭式踏步测试和坐站测试。对于定量姿势描记测量，参与者睁眼和闭眼进行站立任务。在站立任务中，测量了身体重心在前后和左右方向的时间序列，并将其分解为漫游和颤抖成分，分别详细评估姿势控制。计算并比较了跌倒者和非跌倒者的身体重心、漫游和颤抖的平均速度和均方根。
只有在前后方向的漫游平均速度上发现了与跌倒相关的显著差异；跌倒者的数值大于非跌倒者，尤其是闭眼站立时。
临床测量未能区分跌倒风险的差异，而前后方向的漫游成分可以检测到明显的差异。漫游成分的平均速度可能是健康老年人潜在跌倒风险的敏感筛查生物标志物。
