Oliveira de Andrade Filho Vander, Amarante Marina Oliveira Coura, Gonzalez-Lima Francisco, Gomes da Silva Sérgio, Cardoso Fabrízio Dos Santos
Centro Universitário FAMINAS, Muriaé, MG, Brazil.
Department of Psychology and Institute for Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States.
Front Neurol. 2024 Sep 12;15:1465621. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1465621. eCollection 2024.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory chronic autoimmune and neurodegenerative disorder of the brain and spinal cord, resulting in loss of motor, sensorial, and cognitive function. Among the non-pharmacological interventions for several brain conditions, photobiomodulation (PBM) has gained attention in medical society for its neuroprotective effects. We systematically reviewed the effects of PBM on MS.
We conducted a systematic search on the bibliographic databases (PubMed and ScienceDirect) with the keywords based on MeSH terms: PBM, low-level laser therapy, multiple sclerosis, autoimmune encephalomyelitis, demyelination, and progressive multiple sclerosis. Data search was limited from 2012 to July 2024. We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The initial systematic search identified 126 articles. Of these, 68 articles were removed by duplicity and 50 by screening. Thus, 8 studies satisfied the inclusion criteria.
The reviewed studies showed that PBM modulates brain markers linked to inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. Improvements in motor, sensorial, and cognitive functions in MS patients were also observed after PBM therapy. No study reported adverse effects of PBM.
These findings suggest the potential of PBM as a promising non-pharmacological intervention for the management of MS, although further research is needed to standardize PBM protocols and assess its long-term effects.
多发性硬化症（MS）是一种发生于脑和脊髓的慢性炎症性自身免疫性神经退行性疾病，可导致运动、感觉和认知功能丧失。在针对多种脑部疾病的非药物干预措施中，光生物调节（PBM）因其神经保护作用而受到医学界的关注。我们系统回顾了PBM对MS的影响。
我们基于医学主题词（MeSH）术语在文献数据库（PubMed和ScienceDirect）中进行了系统检索，关键词为：PBM、低强度激光疗法、多发性硬化症、自身免疫性脑脊髓炎、脱髓鞘和进行性多发性硬化症。数据检索时间限制为2012年至2024年7月。我们遵循系统评价和Meta分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）指南。初步系统检索共识别出126篇文章。其中，68篇因重复被剔除，50篇经筛选被剔除。因此，有8项研究符合纳入标准。
综述研究表明，PBM可调节与炎症、氧化应激和细胞凋亡相关的脑标志物。PBM治疗后，MS患者的运动、感觉和认知功能也有改善。没有研究报告PBM的不良反应。
这些发现表明，PBM作为一种有前景的MS非药物干预措施具有潜力，尽管需要进一步研究来规范PBM方案并评估其长期效果。
