College of Life Sciences, Longyan University, Longyan, China.
College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.
Vet Med Sci. 2024 Nov;10(6):e70053. doi: 10.1002/vms3.70053.
Avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J) primarily affects poultry, particularly chickens, leading to tumourigenesis and immunosuppression, which results in substantial economic losses. It is important to note that ALV-J is commonly found in indigenous chicken breeds in China, and the virus's vertical transmission characteristics present a significant threat to the preservation of local chicken breeds.
The study aimed to investigate the characteristics and effects of the recombinant ALV-J strain LY2021J, with a focus on its genetic composition and its potential influence on virulence and pathogenicity.
LY2021J was isolated using DF-1 cells and validated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and IFA. The proviral genome was amplified using segmented PCR and then spliced together using DNASTAR software. Genome-wide genes, including gag, pol, gp85, and long terminal repeat (LTR), were compared. Recombination sites were analysed using RDP5 and SimPlot software. Pathogenicity was evaluated by monitoring symptoms and conducting examinations on SPF chickens.
The outbreak of ALV-J in China has caused significant economic losses in the poultry industry. Although largely controlled in white-feather broilers and egg-laying chickens, ALV-J has spread to yellow-feather broilers and local breeds. A strain, LY2021J, isolated from Hetian chickens, showed lower mortality despite severe dysplasia. Genetic analysis revealed high similarity between LY2021J and the Chinese strains JS14NT01 and NX0101, suggesting a shared origin. Recombination with strain ev-1 and specific 3' UTR deletions may explain LY2021J's reduced virulence. Continued monitoring and prevention strategies are essential to mitigate ALV-J's impact.
禽白血病病毒 J 亚群（ALV-J）主要感染家禽，尤其是鸡，导致肿瘤发生和免疫抑制，造成巨大的经济损失。值得注意的是，ALV-J 在中国本土鸡种中普遍存在，其垂直传播的特性对地方鸡种的保存构成了重大威胁。
本研究旨在探讨重组 ALV-J 株 LY2021J 的特征和影响，重点研究其遗传组成及其对毒力和致病性的潜在影响。
使用 DF-1 细胞分离 LY2021J，并通过酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）和间接免疫荧光试验（IFA）进行验证。使用分段 PCR 扩增前病毒基因组，然后使用 DNASTAR 软件拼接。比较基因组全长基因，包括 gag、pol、gp85 和长末端重复（LTR）。使用 RDP5 和 SimPlot 软件分析重组位点。通过监测 SPF 鸡的症状和进行检查来评估致病性。
中国禽白血病 J 亚群的爆发给家禽业造成了巨大的经济损失。尽管在白羽肉鸡和蛋鸡中得到了很大的控制，但 ALV-J 已经传播到黄羽肉鸡和地方品种。从和田鸡中分离到的一株 LY2021J，尽管有严重的发育不良，但死亡率较低。遗传分析表明，LY2021J 与中国株 JS14NT01 和 NX0101 高度相似，提示它们有共同的起源。与株 ev-1 的重组和特定的 3'UTR 缺失可能解释了 LY2021J 的低毒力。需要继续监测和采取预防策略，以减轻 ALV-J 的影响。
