Huerta Ojeda Álvaro, Rodríguez Rojas Javiera, Cuevas Guíñez Jorge, Ciriza Velásquez Stephanie, Cancino-López Jorge, Barahona-Fuentes Guillermo, Yeomans-Cabrera María-Mercedes, Pavez Leonardo, Jorquera-Aguilera Carlos
Núcleo de Investigación en Salud, Actividad Física y Deporte ISAFYD, Universidad de Las Américas, Viña del Mar 2531098, Chile.
Facultad de Ciencias, Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Magíster en Nutrición para la Actividad Física y el Deporte, Universidad Mayor, Santiago 8580745, Chile.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2024 Aug 28;13(9):1046. doi: 10.3390/antiox13091046.
Walp (LmW) or Maca, including its bioactive components such as macamides, among others, has demonstrated antioxidant effects. However, the effect size (ES) of LmW on oxidative stress has not been qualitatively described and calculated. The primary objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to review and qualitatively describe the studies published up to 2023 that supplemented LmW to control cellular oxidative stress; the secondary objective was to calculate the ES of the different interventions. The search was designed following the PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews and meta-analyses and performed in the Web of Science, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, PubMed, and MEDLINE until 2023. The selection of studies included randomized controlled trials, with tests and post-tests, both in vitro and in vivo in animals and humans. The methodological quality and risk of bias were evaluated with the CAMARADES tool. The main variables were reduced glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and malondialdehyde. The analysis was conducted with a pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) through Hedges' g test (95% CI). Eleven studies were included in the systematic review and eight in the meta-analysis. They revealed a small effect for reduced glutathione (SMD = 0.89), a large effect for glutathione peroxidase (SMD = 0.96), a moderate effect for superoxide dismutase (SMD = 0.68), and a moderate effect for malondialdehyde (SMD = -0.53). According to the results, the phytochemical compounds of LmW effectively controlled cellular oxidative stress, mainly macamides. It was also determined that a higher dose of LmW generated a greater antioxidant effect. However, information concerning humans is scarce.
Walp（LmW）或玛咖，包括其生物活性成分如玛咖酰胺等，已显示出抗氧化作用。然而，LmW对氧化应激的效应大小（ES）尚未得到定性描述和计算。本系统评价和荟萃分析的主要目的是回顾并定性描述截至2023年发表的补充LmW以控制细胞氧化应激的研究；次要目的是计算不同干预措施的ES。检索遵循系统评价和荟萃分析的PRISMA指南进行，在Web of Science、Scopus、SPORTDiscus、PubMed和MEDLINE中进行，直至2023年。纳入的研究选择包括随机对照试验，有测试和后测，在动物和人类的体外及体内实验中均有。使用CAMARADES工具评估方法学质量和偏倚风险。主要变量为还原型谷胱甘肽、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶和丙二醛。通过Hedges' g检验（95%置信区间）进行合并标准化均数差（SMD）分析。系统评价纳入11项研究，荟萃分析纳入8项研究。结果显示，还原型谷胱甘肽有小效应（SMD = 0.89），谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶有大效应（SMD = 0.96），超氧化物歧化酶有中等效应（SMD = 0.68），丙二醛有中等效应（SMD = -0.53）。根据结果，LmW的植物化学化合物能有效控制细胞氧化应激，主要是玛咖酰胺。还确定较高剂量的LmW产生更大的抗氧化作用。然而，关于人类的信息较少。
