Tatti Elisa, Cinti Alessandra, Serbina Anna, Luciani Adalgisa, D'Urso Giordano, Cacciola Alberto, Quartarone Angelo, Ghilardi Maria Felice
Department of Molecular, Cellular & Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, City University of New York, New York, NY 10031, USA.
Siena Brain Investigation & Neuromodulation Lab (Si-BIN Lab), Unit of Neurology & Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Medicine, Surgery & Neuroscience, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy.
Biomedicines. 2024 Sep 10;12(9):2054. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines12092054.
Depression presents with altered energy regulation and neural plasticity. Previous electroencephalography (EEG) studies showed that practice in learning tasks increases power in beta range (13-30 Hz) in healthy subjects but not in those with impaired plasticity. Here, we ascertain whether depression presents with alterations of spectral activity and connectivity before and after a learning task.
We used publicly available resting-state EEG recordings (64 electrodes) from 122 subjects. Based on Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) scores, they were assigned to either a high BDI (hBDI, BDI > 13, N = 46) or a control (CTL, BDI < 7, N = 75) group. We analyzed spectral activity, theta-beta, and theta-gamma phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) of EEG recorded at rest before and after a learning task.
At baseline, compared to CTL, hBDI exhibited greater power in beta over fronto-parietal regions and in gamma over the right parieto-occipital area. At post task, power increased in all frequency ranges only in CTL. Theta-beta and theta-gamma PAC were greater in hBDI at baseline but not after the task.
The lack of substantial post-task growth of beta power in depressed subjects likely represents power saturation due to greater baseline values. We speculate that inhibitory/excitatory imbalance, altered plasticity mechanisms, and energy dysregulation present in depression may contribute to this phenomenon.
抑郁症表现为能量调节和神经可塑性改变。先前的脑电图（EEG）研究表明，健康受试者在学习任务中的练习会增加β波段（13 - 30赫兹）的功率，但可塑性受损的受试者则不然。在此，我们确定抑郁症患者在学习任务前后频谱活动和连接性是否存在改变。
我们使用了来自122名受试者的公开可用静息态EEG记录（64个电极）。根据贝克抑郁量表（BDI）得分，将他们分为高BDI组（hBDI，BDI > 13，N = 46）或对照组（CTL，BDI < 7，N = 75）。我们分析了学习任务前后静息状态下记录的EEG的频谱活动、θ-β和θ-γ相位-振幅耦合（PAC）。
在基线时，与CTL相比，hBDI在前额顶叶区域的β波段以及右侧顶枕区域的γ波段表现出更大的功率。在任务后，仅CTL组的所有频率范围的功率都增加了。基线时hBDI组的θ-β和θ-γ PAC更大，但任务后则不然。
抑郁症患者任务后β功率缺乏显著增长可能是由于基线值较高导致的功率饱和。我们推测，抑郁症中存在的抑制/兴奋失衡、可塑性机制改变和能量调节异常可能导致了这一现象。
