Zhang Chao, Chen Bing, Bao Yan, He Jiani, Wu Feng, Zhao Yufang
Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
Center for Studies of Education and Psychology of Minorities in Southwest China, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
Behav Sci (Basel). 2024 Sep 20;14(9):849. doi: 10.3390/bs14090849.
Prior studies have demonstrated the detrimental effects of social exclusion on an individual's self-perception. Nonetheless, existing literature has predominantly focused on its impact on global self-esteem, often neglecting the nuanced effects of various reasons for social exclusion on distinct dimensions of self-evaluation, such as agency and communion. Based on the Big Two model perspective, the present research aims to examine the differential impacts of social exclusion on the distinct dimensions of self-evaluation, namely agency and communion, considering the reasons for social exclusion. It is hypothesized that social exclusion affects different facets of self-evaluation-agency and communion-depending on the context of exclusion. Study 1 identified negative correlations between perceived social exclusion and self-evaluation measures through questionnaires, including global self-esteem and the self-concepts of agency and communion, within a sample of 483 participants (283 females). Studies 2a ( = 93; 75 females) and 2b ( = 91; 66 females), which employed a recall paradigm to manipulate social exclusion in the domains of communion and agency, respectively, revealed that communion exclusion diminished communal self-evaluation, and agency exclusion significantly reduced both agentic and communal self-evaluation. These findings highlight the necessity of distinguishing various types of social exclusion and their distinct effects on the dimensions of self-concept. The research has important implications for the development of interventions aimed at enhancing individual psychological well-being and promoting inclusive social environments.
先前的研究已经证明了社会排斥对个体自我认知的有害影响。尽管如此，现有文献主要关注其对整体自尊的影响，往往忽视了社会排斥的各种原因对自我评估不同维度（如能动性和共融性）的细微影响。基于“两大”模型视角，本研究旨在考察社会排斥对自我评估的不同维度（即能动性和共融性）的差异影响，并考虑社会排斥的原因。研究假设社会排斥会根据排斥的背景影响自我评估的不同方面——能动性和共融性。研究1通过问卷调查在483名参与者（283名女性）的样本中确定了感知到的社会排斥与自我评估指标之间的负相关，这些指标包括整体自尊以及能动性和共融性的自我概念。研究2a（n = 93；75名女性）和研究2b（n = 91；66名女性）分别采用回忆范式在共融性和能动性领域操纵社会排斥，结果显示共融性排斥降低了共融性自我评估，而能动性排斥显著降低了能动性和共融性自我评估。这些发现凸显了区分各种类型的社会排斥及其对自我概念维度的不同影响的必要性。该研究对于旨在增强个体心理健康和促进包容性社会环境的干预措施的发展具有重要意义。
