Jones Christine M, Ciubotariu Ilinca I, Gebhardt Mary E, Lupiya James Sichivula, Mbewe David, Muleba Mbanga, Stevenson Jennifer C, Norris Douglas E
The W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, The Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Tropical Diseases Research Centre, Ndola P.O. Box 71769, Zambia.
Insects. 2024 Aug 30;15(9):656. doi: 10.3390/insects15090656.
In the global fight against malaria, standard vector control methods such as indoor residual spraying (IRS) and insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) are intended to protect inside residential structures and sleeping spaces. However, these methods can still leave individuals vulnerable to residual transmission from vectors that they may be exposed to outdoors. Nchelenge District in northern Zambia experiences persistently high malaria transmission even with ITNs and IRS in place. However, very few studies have examined outdoor vector activity. To assess the diversity and abundance of outdoor foraging female anopheline mosquitoes, CDC light traps were used as proxy measures for mosquito host-seeking, set in three outdoor trapping schemes randomly assigned on different nights: (1) locations where people congregate at night outside of the house within the peri-domestic space, (2) animal pens or shelters, and (3) high-human-traffic areas, such as paths to latrines, where traps were baited with BG-Lure. A total of 1087 total female anophelines were collected over a total of 74 trap nights. s.s. comprised the majority of the collection (86%), with s.s. (2%) and a highly diverse sampling of other anophelines (12%) making up the remainder. parasites were only detected in (1%). No significant difference in species diversity or female anopheline abundance was detected between trapping schemes. Outdoor foraging anopheline mosquitoes, including a number of infectious , may partially explain the difficulty of controlling malaria transmission in Nchelenge District, where vector control is only targeted indoors. BG-Lure shows some promise as an alternative to human-baited landing catch collections in this resource-poor setting.
在全球抗击疟疾的斗争中，室内滞留喷洒（IRS）和经杀虫剂处理的蚊帐（ITNs）等标准病媒控制方法旨在保护住宅结构内部和睡眠空间。然而，这些方法仍可能使个人易受在户外接触到的病媒残余传播的影响。即使在赞比亚北部的恩泽伦格区已经使用了经杀虫剂处理的蚊帐和室内滞留喷洒，疟疾传播率仍持续居高不下。然而，很少有研究调查户外病媒活动情况。为了评估户外觅食的雌性按蚊的多样性和数量，疾控中心的诱蚊灯被用作蚊子寻找宿主的替代测量工具，设置了三种户外诱捕方案，并在不同夜晚随机分配：（1）人们夜间在房屋周边户外聚集的地点，（2）畜栏或牲畜棚，以及（3）人流量大的区域，如通往厕所的小径，诱捕器用BG引诱剂作诱饵。在总共74个诱捕夜中，共捕获了1087只雌性按蚊。斯氏按蚊占捕获总数的大部分（86%），辛氏按蚊占2%，其他种类繁多的按蚊占其余的（12%）。仅在斯氏按蚊中检测到疟原虫（1%）。在不同诱捕方案之间，未检测到物种多样性或雌性按蚊数量的显著差异。户外觅食的按蚊，包括一些具有传染性的按蚊，可能部分解释了恩泽伦格区控制疟疾传播的困难，该区的病媒控制仅针对室内。在这个资源匮乏的环境中，BG引诱剂作为人饵诱捕采集的替代方法显示出了一些前景。
