Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Surgical Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara 259-1193, Japan.
Center for Musculoskeletal innovative Research and Advancement (C-MiRA), Tokai University Graduate School, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara 259-1193, Japan.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Sep 16;25(18):9981. doi: 10.3390/ijms25189981.
Osteoarthritis of the knee (OAK), a progressive degenerative disease affecting quality of life, is characterized by cartilage degeneration, synovial inflammation, and osteophyte formation causing pain and disability. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an autologous blood product effective in reducing OAK-associated pain. PRP compositions depend on their purification. In clinical practice, PRP is typically administered immediately after purification, while cryopreserved PRP is used in research. Platelets are activated by freezing followed by release of their humoral factors. Therefore, PRP without any manipulation after purification (utPRP) and freeze-thawed PRP (fPRP) may differ in their properties. We purified leukocyte-poor PRP (LPPRP) and autologous protein solution (APS) to compare the properties of utPRPs and fPRPs and their effects on OAK target cells. We found significant differences in platelet activation and humoral factor content between utPRPs and fPRPs in both LPPRP and APS. Freeze-thawing affected the anti-inflammatory properties of LPPRP and APS in chondrocytes and synovial cells differed. Both utPRPs and fPRPs inhibited polarization toward M1 macrophages while promoting polarization toward M2 macrophages. Freeze-thawing specifically affected humoral factor production in macrophages, suggesting that evaluating the efficacy of PRPs requires considering PRP purification methods, properties, and conditions. Understanding these variations may enhance therapeutic application of PRPs in OAK.
膝关节骨关节炎（OAK）是一种影响生活质量的进行性退行性疾病，其特征为软骨退化、滑膜炎症和骨赘形成，导致疼痛和残疾。富含血小板的血浆（PRP）是一种有效的自体血液制品，可减轻 OAK 相关疼痛。PRP 的组成取决于其纯化方式。在临床实践中，PRP 通常在纯化后立即使用，而冷冻保存的 PRP 则用于研究。血小板通过冷冻而被激活，随后释放其体液因子。因此，在纯化后未经任何处理的 PRP（utPRP）和冻融 PRP（fPRP）可能在性质上有所不同。我们纯化了白细胞减少的 PRP（LPPRP）和自体蛋白溶液（APS），以比较 utPRP 和 fPRP 的性质及其对 OAK 靶细胞的影响。我们发现，LPPRP 和 APS 中的 utPRP 和 fPRP 在血小板激活和体液因子含量方面存在显著差异。冻融会影响 LPPRP 和 APS 在软骨细胞和滑膜细胞中的抗炎特性。utPRP 和 fPRP 均可抑制向 M1 巨噬细胞极化，而促进向 M2 巨噬细胞极化。冻融特别影响巨噬细胞的体液因子产生，这表明评估 PRP 的疗效需要考虑 PRP 纯化方法、性质和条件。了解这些差异可能会增强 PRP 在 OAK 中的治疗应用。
