College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China.
Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Key Laboratory of Biomanufacturing, Hohhot 010018, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Sep 18;25(18):10033. doi: 10.3390/ijms251810033.
The Mongolian sheep, emblematic of the Inner Mongolian grasslands, is renowned for its exceptional stress resistance and adaptability to harsh environments, drawing considerable attention. Recent research has unveiled the novel role of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in combating oxidative stress. This investigation examined how GABA impacts renal-cortex and medulla cells from Mongolian sheep exposed to high-glucose stress conditions, utilizing gene expression analysis and non-targeted metabolomics. Elevated glucose levels significantly reduced the viability of Mongolian sheep renal cells and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Conversely, the introduction of GABA notably enhanced cell viability, reduced ROS production, and stimulated the expression of antioxidant genes (e.g., , , ) in the renal cortex. In the renal medulla, expression increased, while gene expression showed mixed responses. Metabolomics analysis indicated that high-glucose exposure altered various metabolites, whereas GABA alleviated the metabolic stress induced by high glucose through modulating glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid cycle. In Mongolian sheep renal cells, GABA effectively mitigated oxidative damage triggered by high-glucose stress by upregulating antioxidant genes and regulating metabolic pathways, revealing insights into its potential mechanism for adapting to extreme environments. This finding offers a fresh perspective on understanding the stress resilience of Mongolian sheep and may provide valuable insights for research across diverse disciplines.
蒙古绵羊是内蒙古草原的象征，以其出色的抗应激能力和对恶劣环境的适应能力而闻名，引起了广泛关注。最近的研究揭示了γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）在对抗氧化应激方面的新作用。本研究利用基因表达分析和非靶向代谢组学，探讨了 GABA 对暴露于高葡萄糖应激条件下的蒙古绵羊肾皮质和髓质细胞的影响。结果表明，高葡萄糖水平显著降低了蒙古绵羊肾细胞的活力，并增加了活性氧（ROS）水平。相反，GABA 的引入显著提高了细胞活力，减少了 ROS 的产生，并刺激了肾皮质中抗氧化基因（如 、 、 等）的表达。在肾髓质中， 基因的表达增加，而 基因的表达则呈现混合反应。代谢组学分析表明，高葡萄糖暴露改变了多种代谢物，而 GABA 通过调节糖酵解和三羧酸循环缓解了高葡萄糖引起的代谢应激。在蒙古绵羊肾细胞中，GABA 通过上调抗氧化基因和调节代谢途径有效减轻了高葡萄糖应激引起的氧化损伤，揭示了其适应极端环境的潜在机制。这一发现为理解蒙古绵羊的应激适应能力提供了新的视角，并可能为跨学科研究提供有价值的见解。
