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考虑皮肤效应的用于无创可穿戴设备估算糖化血红蛋白的蒙特卡罗方法的设计与验证

Design and Validation of a Monte Carlo Method for the Implementation of Noninvasive Wearable Devices for HbA1c Estimation Considering the Skin Effect.

作者信息

Kwon Tae-Ho, Hossain Shifat, Turja Mrinmoy Sarker, Kim Ki-Doo

机构信息

Department of Electronics Engineering, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea.

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA.

出版信息

Micromachines (Basel). 2024 Aug 24;15(9):1067. doi: 10.3390/mi15091067.

DOI:10.3390/mi15091067
PMID:39337727
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11434557/
Abstract

To diagnose diabetes early or to maintain stable blood glucose levels in diabetics, blood glucose levels should be frequently checked. However, the only way to check blood glucose levels regularly is to use invasive methods, such as pricking the fingertip or using a minimally invasive patch. These invasive methods pose several problems, including being painful and potentially causing secondary infections. This study focuses on noninvasively measuring glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) using PPG signals. In particular, the study relates to a method and a hardware design technology for removing noise that may be present in a PPG signal due to skin contact with a noninvasive HbA1c measurement device. The proposed HbA1c measurement device consists of the first sensor (PPG sensor) module including an optical barrier and the second sensor (cylindrical sensor) module for removing the skin effect. We have developed a Monte Carlo method to implement accurate, noninvasive HbA1c measurement by considering different skin properties among different subjects. Implementing this model in wearable devices will allow end users to not only monitor their glycated hemoglobin levels but also control diabetes with higher accuracy without needing any blood samples. This will be a groundbreaking advancement in modern wearable medical devices.

摘要

为了早期诊断糖尿病或维持糖尿病患者的血糖水平稳定，应频繁检测血糖水平。然而，定期检测血糖水平的唯一方法是使用侵入性方法，如刺破指尖或使用微创贴片。这些侵入性方法存在几个问题，包括疼痛和可能导致继发感染。本研究重点在于利用光电容积脉搏波描记（PPG）信号无创测量糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）。具体而言，该研究涉及一种方法和硬件设计技术，用于去除由于皮肤与无创HbA1c测量设备接触而可能存在于PPG信号中的噪声。所提出的HbA1c测量设备由包括光学屏障的第一传感器（PPG传感器）模块和用于消除皮肤效应的第二传感器（圆柱形传感器）模块组成。我们开发了一种蒙特卡罗方法，通过考虑不同受试者之间的不同皮肤特性来实现准确的无创HbA1c测量。在可穿戴设备中实现此模型将使终端用户不仅能够监测其糖化血红蛋白水平，还能在无需任何血样的情况下更准确地控制糖尿病。这将是现代可穿戴医疗设备中的一项突破性进展。

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