Sigudu Themba Titus, Oguttu James Wabwire, Qekwana Daniel Nenene
Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, Johannesburg 1710, South Africa.
Department of Health and Society, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa.
Microorganisms. 2024 Sep 9;12(9):1862. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms12091862.
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant worldwide health challenge associated with prolonged illnesses, increased healthcare costs, and high mortality rates. The present study examined the patterns and predictors of AMR among human isolates obtained from diagnostic laboratories in South Africa between 2012 and 2017. This study examined data from 404 217 isolates, assessing resistance rates across different characteristics such as age, sample origin, Staphylococcus species, and study period. The highest resistance was observed against cloxacillin (70.3%), while the lowest resistance was against Colistin (0.1%). A significant ( < 0.05) decreasing trend in AMR was observed over the study period, while a significant increasing temporal trend ( < 0.05) was observed for multidrug resistance (MDR) over the same period. A significant ( < 0.05) association was observed between specimen type, species of organism, and year of isolation with AMR outcome. Significant ( < 0.05) associations were observed between specimen type and season with MDR. The observed high levels of AMR and a growing trend in MDR are concerning for public health. Clinicians should take these findings into account when deciding on therapeutic options. Continued monitoring of AMR among Staphylococcus spp. and judicious use of antimicrobials in human medicine should be promoted.
抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）给全球健康带来了重大挑战，与疾病持续时间延长、医疗成本增加和高死亡率相关。本研究调查了2012年至2017年间从南非诊断实验室获得的人类分离株中AMR的模式和预测因素。本研究检查了404217株分离株的数据，评估了不同特征（如年龄、样本来源、葡萄球菌种类和研究时期）的耐药率。观察到对氯唑西林的耐药率最高（70.3%），而对黏菌素的耐药率最低（0.1%）。在研究期间观察到AMR有显著（<0.05）下降趋势，而同期多重耐药（MDR）有显著上升趋势（<0.05）。观察到标本类型、生物体种类和分离年份与AMR结果之间存在显著（<0.05）关联。观察到标本类型和季节与MDR之间存在显著（<0.05）关联。观察到的高水平AMR和MDR的增长趋势令人担忧公共卫生。临床医生在决定治疗方案时应考虑这些发现。应促进对葡萄球菌属中AMR的持续监测以及在人类医学中明智地使用抗菌药物。
