Shanxi Center for Testing of Functional Agro-Products, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China.
Shanxi Institute for Functional Food, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China.
Molecules. 2024 Sep 18;29(18):4434. doi: 10.3390/molecules29184434.
The fungicide pyraclostrobin is the main measure used to control apple alternaria blotch in production. To evaluate the potential dietary risks for consumers, the dissipation and terminal residues of pyraclostrobin were investigated using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). Pyraclostrobin in apples was extracted by acetonitrile with 2% ammonia and then purified using primary secondary amine (PSA) and graphitized carbon black (GCB). The method showed good linearity within the concentration range of 0.005-0.1 mg L, with a coefficient of determination (R) ≥ 0.9958. The recoveries ranged from 96.0% to 103.8%, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) between 0.8% and 2.3%. The limit of quantification (LOQ) was 0.01 mg kg. Pyraclostrobin dispersible oil suspension was applied in 12 apple fields across China according to good agricultural practices (GAPs). In Beijing and Shandong, the dissipation of pyraclostrobin followed first-order kinetic equations, with a half-life of 11 days. The terminal residues ranged from <0.01 to 0.09 mg kg. The national estimated daily intake (NEDI) of pyraclostrobin was compared with the acceptable daily intake (ADI), resulting in risk quotient (RQ) of 80.8%. These results suggest that pyraclostrobin poses a low health risk to consumers under GAP conditions and according to recommended dosages.
杀菌剂吡唑醚菌酯是防治苹果褐斑病的主要措施。为评估消费者的潜在膳食风险，采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法（UHPLC-MS/MS）研究了吡唑醚菌酯在苹果中的消解动态和最终残留。采用含 2%氨的乙腈提取苹果中的吡唑醚菌酯，然后用初级次级胺（PSA）和石墨化炭黑（GCB）进行净化。该方法在 0.005-0.1mg/L 的浓度范围内具有良好的线性关系，相关系数（R）≥0.9958。回收率在 96.0%至 103.8%之间，相对标准偏差（RSD）在 0.8%至 2.3%之间。定量限（LOQ）为 0.01mg/kg。根据良好农业规范（GAP），在中国 12 个苹果田间施用吡唑醚菌酯可分散油悬浮剂。在北京和山东，吡唑醚菌酯的消解符合一级动力学方程，半衰期为 11 天。最终残留量范围为<0.01 至 0.09mg/kg。与每日允许摄入量（ADI）相比，国家估计每日摄入量（NEDI）的吡唑醚菌酯风险商（RQ）为 80.8%。这些结果表明，在 GAP 条件下和推荐剂量下，吡唑醚菌酯对消费者的健康风险较低。
