Section of Clinical Nutrition and Nutrigenomics, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
PhD School of Applied Medical-Surgical Sciences, University of Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
Nutrients. 2024 Sep 10;16(18):3051. doi: 10.3390/nu16183051.
Several studies have explored the association between fish consumption during pregnancy and favorable neonatal outcomes, although some yield conflicting results. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists recommends two to three servings of low-mercury fish per week for pregnant or breastfeeding women. However, fish can be a source of pollutants, like methylmercury, impacting neurological development. Conflicting studies on docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation exist in the literature, possibly due to varied supplement dosages. This survey, involving 501 women, investigated fish consumption and DHA supplement intake concerning gestational and neonatal outcomes. Notably, 92.1% of participants consumed fish weekly, with significant differences observed in gestational weight gain, birth weight, and length for those eating fish ≥3 times weekly compared to non-consumers. This study supports the recommendation for pregnant women to include fish in their diet while limiting exposure to environmental pollutants. Omega-3 fatty acid supplements are suggested to attain nutritional benefits without mercury risk.
已有多项研究探讨了孕期鱼类摄入与新生儿良好结局之间的关联,但结果存在一定差异。美国妇产科医师学会建议孕妇和哺乳期妇女每周食用两到三份低汞鱼类。然而,鱼类也可能是甲基汞等污染物的来源,影响神经系统发育。文献中存在关于二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)补充剂的相互矛盾的研究,这可能是由于补充剂剂量不同所致。本项涉及 501 名女性的研究调查了孕期和新生儿结局与鱼类摄入和 DHA 补充剂摄入的关系。值得注意的是,92.1%的参与者每周食用鱼类,与不食用鱼类的人相比,每周食用≥3 次鱼类的孕妇在孕期体重增加、出生体重和身长方面存在显著差异。本研究支持建议孕妇在饮食中摄入鱼类的同时,限制接触环境污染物。建议通过摄入欧米伽-3 脂肪酸补充剂来获得营养益处,同时避免摄入汞的风险。