Lifedoc Health, Memphis, TN 38115, USA.
Lifedoc Research, 6625 Lenox Park Drive, Suite 205, Memphis, TN 38115, USA.
Nutrients. 2024 Sep 18;16(18):3143. doi: 10.3390/nu16183143.
As adiposity increases in youth, so does the prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRFs). The etiology of adiposity-based chronic disease and CMRFs includes ethnoracial disparities that are rarely considered in current treatment approaches. Precision interventions require further characterization of these disparities among high-risk youth. The objective of this study was to characterize differences in CMRF among African American (AA) and Hispanic (H) adolescents with varying levels of adiposity. A cross-sectional analysis of 2284 adolescents aged 12-17 was conducted using 3-year clinical data from Lifedoc Health. CMRF prevalence were compared using χ, with logistic regression models (LRM) applied to explore the relationships between exposures (age, sex, ethnoracial group, adiposity) and CMRF outcomes. Prevalence of CMRF rose with increasing adiposity, which was the strongest determinant of risk overall. However, individual risk profiles differed between the two groups, with H having higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS), higher triglycerides and liver enzymes, and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c). Meanwhile, AA had higher prevalence of elevated blood pressure (BP) in the overweight category, prediabetes in overweight to severe obesity, and type 2 diabetes in obesity. LRM showed 3.0-fold greater chance of impaired glucose metabolism in AA than H, who were 1.7, 5.9, and 8.3 times more likely to have low HDL-c, high liver enzymes, and high triglycerides, respectively. Overweight/obesity prevalence was very high among AA and H adolescents. Excess adiposity was associated with an increased prevalence of CMRF, with individual risk factors differing between groups as adiposity increased. Research within routine clinical settings is required to better characterize these discrepancies and ameliorate their adverse impact on health in the transition to adulthood.
随着年轻人肥胖的增加，心血管代谢风险因素 (CMRF) 的患病率也随之增加。肥胖相关慢性疾病和 CMRF 的病因包括民族种族差异，但在当前的治疗方法中很少考虑到这些差异。精准干预需要进一步描述这些高风险青少年之间的差异。本研究的目的是描述不同肥胖水平的非裔美国 (AA) 和西班牙裔 (H) 青少年之间 CMRF 的差异。使用 Lifedoc Health 的 3 年临床数据对 2284 名年龄在 12-17 岁的青少年进行了横断面分析。使用 χ2 比较 CMRF 的患病率，应用逻辑回归模型 (LRM) 探讨暴露（年龄、性别、民族种族群体、肥胖）与 CMRF 结局之间的关系。CMRF 的患病率随着肥胖程度的增加而增加，肥胖是整体风险的最强决定因素。然而，两组之间的个体风险特征不同，H 人群中代谢综合征 (MetS)、甘油三酯和肝酶升高以及高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (HDL-c) 降低的患病率较高。同时，AA 人群中超重类别中血压升高、超重至重度肥胖中糖尿病前期以及肥胖中 2 型糖尿病的患病率较高。LRM 显示 AA 人群发生葡萄糖代谢受损的几率是 H 人群的 3.0 倍，H 人群发生低 HDL-c、高肝酶和高甘油三酯的几率分别是 AA 人群的 1.7、5.9 和 8.3 倍。超重/肥胖在 AA 和 H 青少年中非常普遍。超重/肥胖与 CMRF 患病率增加有关，随着肥胖程度的增加，各组之间的个体危险因素存在差异。需要在常规临床环境中进行研究，以更好地描述这些差异，并减轻它们在向成年期过渡时对健康的不利影响。
