Department of Biosciences, M.E.S College, Marampally, Aluva, Ernakulam 683105, India.
School of Environmental and Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor LL57 2DG, UK.
J Water Health. 2024 Sep;22(9):1594-1605. doi: 10.2166/wh.2024.338. Epub 2024 Aug 6.
is a leading cause of human gastroenteritis associated with seafood consumption. The present study aimed to investigate the occurrence and risk assessment of isolated from live Indian black clams, sediment, and water samples collected from shellfish harvesting areas located along the south-west coast of India. Out of the total 72 samples collected, 55.6% revealed the presence of ; the highest occurrence was observed in shellfish samples. The presence of and virulence genes was screened by multiplex PCR. Virulence genes could be detected in 25.8% of the strains; 19.35% of them were positive and 3.2% were positive, while 3.2% of strains exhibited the coexistence of both virulence genes. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) determined by the disk diffusion method revealed that 87% of the strains were multiple drug resistant and exhibited 21 diverse resistance patterns. The overall multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index values ranged from 0 to 0.8. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to document the presence of pathogenic and multidrug-resistant in shellfish harvesting areas of the Indian sub-continent. The study reveals possible health hazards associated with consuming shellfish harvested from the study area.
是与食用海鲜相关的人类肠胃炎的主要原因之一。本研究旨在调查从印度西南部沿海贝类养殖区采集的活印度黑蛤、沉积物和水样中分离出的 的发生情况和风险评估。在所采集的 72 个样本中，有 55.6%显示出 的存在；在贝类样本中观察到的存在率最高。通过多重 PCR 筛选 和 毒力基因的存在。在 25.8%的菌株中可以检测到毒力基因；其中 19.35%为 阳性，3.2%为 阳性，而 3.2%的菌株同时存在这两种毒力基因。采用圆盘扩散法测定的抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）显示，87%的菌株为多重耐药菌株，表现出 21 种不同的耐药模式。总的多药耐药性（MAR）指数值范围为 0 至 0.8。据我们所知，这是首次在印度次大陆的贝类养殖区记录到致病性和多药耐药性 的报告。该研究揭示了食用研究区域收获的贝类可能带来的健康危害。
