Rahim Kashif, Nawaz Muhammad Naveed, Almehmadi Mazen, Alsuwat Meshari A, Liu Luo, Yu Changyuan, Khan Shahin Shah
College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China.
Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China.
Bioresour Bioprocess. 2024 Sep 28;11(1):91. doi: 10.1186/s40643-024-00807-y.
The emergence and rapid spread of antibiotic resistance pose a major threat to global health, attributing to misuse and overuse of antibiotics resulting in antibiotics-resistant bacteria through natural mutation or transfer of resistance genes. A cross-sectional study was carried out, in which a total of 36 samples were systematically collected; of these, 26 were derived from the wastewater efflux and 10 from the receiving waters at several critical junctures along the Sutlej River. Herein, this study elucidated elevated levels of antibiotic resistance among bacterial isolates sourced from urban wastewater. Escherichia coli (E. coli) was the highest at 90% among the isolates, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) at 58%, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) at 55%, and Salmonella spp. at 53%. Many antibiotics were found to be more resistant including Ciproflaxacin, Co-Trimaxazole, Ampicillin and Tetracycline. Several antibiotic-resistance genes were found in isolated bacterial spp., such as Aminoglycosides (aadA), Sulfonamides (Sul1, Sul3), Tetracyclines (Tet (A/B/D)) and Cephalosporins (Bla_CTM X) at 41%, 35%, 29% and 12% respectively. Furthermore, the development of innovative wastewater treatment models and surveillance programs are crucial to counteract the dissemination of antibiotic resistance. To investigate the genetic determinants of antibiotic resistance, molecular analysis was performed, including DNA isolation, PCR amplification, and sequence analysis. The study helps investigate a diverse range of ARBs and ARGs in wastewater, which highlights the need of better laws for antibiotic usage and wastewater treatment processes. This investigation also stresses on regular monitoring of ARBs and ARGs in sewage wastewater. Through proactive interventions and sustained scientific inquiry, we can strive toward preserving environmental integrity and public health for successive generations.
抗生素耐药性的出现和迅速传播对全球健康构成了重大威胁，这归因于抗生素的滥用和过度使用，通过自然突变或耐药基因转移导致了耐药细菌的产生。开展了一项横断面研究，系统收集了共36个样本；其中，26个样本来自废水排放口，10个样本来自萨特莱杰河沿岸几个关键节点的受纳水体。在此，本研究阐明了城市污水来源的细菌分离株中抗生素耐药性水平升高的情况。分离株中大肠杆菌（E. coli）的耐药率最高，为90%，其次是肺炎克雷伯菌（K. pneumoniae），耐药率为58%，铜绿假单胞菌（P. aeruginosa）为55%，沙门氏菌属为53%。发现许多抗生素的耐药性更高，包括环丙沙星、复方新诺明、氨苄西林和四环素。在分离出的细菌种类中发现了几种抗生素耐药基因，如氨基糖苷类（aadA）、磺胺类（Sul1、Sul3）、四环素类（Tet(A/B/D)）和头孢菌素类（Bla_CTM X），分别占41%、35%、29%和12%。此外，开发创新的废水处理模式和监测计划对于对抗抗生素耐药性的传播至关重要。为了研究抗生素耐药性的遗传决定因素，进行了分子分析，包括DNA分离、PCR扩增和序列分析。该研究有助于调查废水中多种抗生素耐药菌和抗生素耐药基因，这凸显了制定更好的抗生素使用和废水处理流程相关法律的必要性。这项调查还强调了对污水中抗生素耐药菌和抗生素耐药基因进行定期监测。通过积极干预和持续的科学探究，我们可以努力为子孙后代维护环境完整性和公众健康。
