Second People's Hospital of Wuhu City, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, China.
Anhui College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhu City, Anhui, China.
Curr Nutr Rep. 2024 Dec;13(4):921-936. doi: 10.1007/s13668-024-00575-3. Epub 2024 Sep 28.
Plant-based meat analogs (PBMAs) have been the subject of interest over the past few years due to consumers' demand for environmentally friendly, healthful, and non-animal-based foods. A better comprehension of the composition, structure, texture, nutrition, and sustainability of these PBMAs is necessary.
This review articulates the protein sources and composition of PBMAs and their "meatiness" with respect to texture, structure, and flavor enhancement. The components used in the analogs, such as unsaturated fats, fibers, vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates, and plant-based oils enriching their nutritional profile, are described. The study identifies the environmental and sustainability impact of PBMAs, as crucial to the survival and maintenance of biodiversity. More studies are warranted to scope and underscore the significance of the analogs and comprehend the texture or structure-function relationships. Further product development and testing thereof may ultimately result in quality meat analogs that respect meat taste, health and acceptance of consumers, environmental sustainability, animal welfare, and current challenges.
综述目的： 由于消费者对环保、健康和非动物基食品的需求，植物肉替代品（PBMAs）在过去几年中受到了关注。更好地理解这些 PBMAs 的组成、结构、质地、营养和可持续性是必要的。
最近发现： 本文阐述了 PBMAs 的蛋白质来源和组成及其在质地、结构和风味增强方面的“肉质感”。描述了模拟物中使用的成分，如不饱和脂肪、纤维、维生素、矿物质、碳水化合物和富含植物性油脂的营养素，以丰富其营养成分。该研究确定了 PBMAs 的环境和可持续性影响，这对生物多样性的生存和维持至关重要。需要进一步的研究来评估和强调模拟物的重要性，并理解其质地或结构-功能关系。进一步的产品开发和测试可能最终会产生尊重肉类口感、消费者健康和接受度、环境可持续性、动物福利以及当前挑战的优质肉类替代品。
