AbuGhanem Muhammad
Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
Front Optoelectron. 2024 Sep 29;17(1):33. doi: 10.1007/s12200-024-00133-3.
In recent years, quantum computing has made significant strides, particularly in light-based technology. The introduction of quantum photonic chips has ushered in an era marked by scalability, stability, and cost-effectiveness, paving the way for innovative possibilities within compact footprints. This article provides a comprehensive exploration of photonic quantum computing, covering key aspects such as encoding information in photons, the merits of photonic qubits, and essential photonic device components including light squeezers, quantum light sources, interferometers, photodetectors, and waveguides. The article also examines photonic quantum communication and internet, and its implications for secure systems, detailing implementations such as quantum key distribution and long-distance communication. Emerging trends in quantum communication and essential reconfigurable elements for advancing photonic quantum internet are discussed. The review further navigates the path towards establishing scalable and fault-tolerant photonic quantum computers, highlighting quantum computational advantages achieved using photons. Additionally, the discussion extends to programmable photonic circuits, integrated photonics and transformative applications. Lastly, the review addresses prospects, implications, and challenges in photonic quantum computing, offering valuable insights into current advancements and promising future directions in this technology.
近年来，量子计算取得了重大进展，尤其是在基于光的技术方面。量子光子芯片的引入开创了一个以可扩展性、稳定性和成本效益为标志的时代，为在紧凑空间内实现创新可能性铺平了道路。本文全面探讨了光子量子计算，涵盖了诸如在光子中编码信息、光子量子比特的优点以及包括光压缩器、量子光源、干涉仪、光电探测器和波导在内的基本光子器件组件等关键方面。本文还研究了光子量子通信和互联网及其对安全系统的影响，详细介绍了量子密钥分发和长距离通信等实现方式。讨论了量子通信的新兴趋势以及推进光子量子互联网所需的基本可重构元件。该综述进一步探讨了建立可扩展和容错光子量子计算机的途径，突出了使用光子实现的量子计算优势。此外，讨论还扩展到可编程光子电路、集成光子学和变革性应用。最后，该综述阐述了光子量子计算的前景、影响和挑战，为该技术的当前进展和未来的发展方向提供了有价值的见解。
