Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China.
Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China; Department of Psychiatry, The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province (Hunan Brain hospital), Clinical Research Center for Depressive Disorder in Hunan Province, 410021 Changsha, Hunan, China.
J Affect Disord. 2025 Jan 15;369:765-771. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.09.164. Epub 2024 Sep 27.
This study aimed to investigate whether there are differences in cognitive impairment between medication-free patients with bipolar depression (BD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) and whether these differences are related to circulating cell-free mtDNA (ccf-mtDNA).
For this cross-sectional study, 76 outpatients with BD, 86 outpatients with MDD and 70 healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected. The Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) and the Stroop Color-Word Test were used to assess cognitive function. Plasma ccf-mtDNA levels were measured via qPCR.
BD and MDD patients had similar scores for immediate memory, language, attention, delayed memory, the RBANS total score, Stroop color, Stroop word, and Stroop total score, which were significantly lower than the HCs. The visuospatial/constructive scores of the BD patients were significantly lower than those of the HCs (p < 0.001) and MDD patients (p = 0.008), but there was no difference between the HCs and MDD patients. The ccf-mtDNA levels in the BD and MDD patient groups were significantly higher than those in the HC group, and those in the MDD group were higher than those in the BD group (p = 0.016). Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that ccf-mtDNA was negatively correlated with language in patients with depression (t = -2.11, p = 0.039).
There were differences in specific cognitive dimensions between patients with BD and MDD. Increased ccf-mtDNA levels were found in BD and MDD patients, suggesting ccf-mtDNA may be involved in the pathophysiology of MDD and BD.
本研究旨在探讨未经药物治疗的双相情感障碍（BD）和重度抑郁症（MDD）患者之间是否存在认知障碍差异，以及这些差异是否与循环无细胞线粒体 DNA（ccf-mtDNA）有关。
本横断面研究纳入了 76 名 BD 门诊患者、86 名 MDD 门诊患者和 70 名健康对照者（HCs）。收集人口统计学和临床数据。采用重复性成套神经心理状态测验（RBANS）和 Stroop 色词测验评估认知功能。通过 qPCR 测量血浆 ccf-mtDNA 水平。
BD 和 MDD 患者的即刻记忆、语言、注意力、延迟记忆、RBANS 总分、Stroop 颜色、Stroop 文字和 Stroop 总分评分相似，均显著低于 HCs。BD 患者的视空间/结构评分明显低于 HCs（p<0.001）和 MDD 患者（p=0.008），但 HCs 和 MDD 患者之间无差异。BD 和 MDD 患者组的 ccf-mtDNA 水平明显高于 HCs 组，MDD 组高于 BD 组（p=0.016）。多元逐步回归分析显示，ccf-mtDNA 与抑郁患者的语言呈负相关（t=-2.11，p=0.039）。
BD 和 MDD 患者在特定认知维度存在差异。BD 和 MDD 患者的 ccf-mtDNA 水平升高，提示 ccf-mtDNA 可能参与 MDD 和 BD 的病理生理学过程。
