Department of Psychiatry, The Third People's Hospital of Foshan, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Center On Translational Neuroscience, School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China.
BMC Psychiatry. 2024 Jun 11;24(1):434. doi: 10.1186/s12888-024-05897-8.
Cognitive impairment is a recognized fundamental deficit in individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia (SZ), bipolar II disorder (BD II), and major depressive disorder (MDD), among other psychiatric disorders. However, limited research has compared cognitive function among first-episode drug-naïve individuals with SZ, BD II, or MDD.
This study aimed to address this gap by assessing the cognitive performance of 235 participants (40 healthy controls, 58 SZ patients, 72 BD II patients, and 65 MDD patients) using the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) before and after 12 weeks of treatment in SZ, BD II, and MDD patients. To clarify, the healthy controls only underwent RBANS testing at baseline, whereas the patient groups were assessed before and after treatment. The severity of symptoms in SZ patients was measured using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), and depression in BD II and MDD patients was assessed using the Hamilton Depression Scale-24 items (HAMD-24 items).
Two hundred participants completed the 12-week treatment period, with 35 participants dropping out due to various reasons. This group included 49 SZ patients, 58 BD II patients, and 53 MDD patients. Among SZ patients, significant improvements in immediate and delayed memory were observed after 12 weeks of treatment compared to their initial scores. Similarly, BD II patients showed significant improvement in immediate and delayed memory following treatment. However, there were no significant differences in RBANS scores for MDD patients after 12 weeks of treatment.
In conclusion, the findings of this study suggest that individuals with BD II and SZ may share similar deficits in cognitive domains. It is important to note that standardized clinical treatment may have varying degrees of effectiveness in improving cognitive function in patients with BD II and SZ, which could potentially alleviate cognitive dysfunction.
认知障碍是精神分裂症(SZ)、双相情感障碍 II 型(BD II)和重性抑郁障碍(MDD)等精神障碍患者公认的基本缺陷。然而,有限的研究比较了首次发作、未经药物治疗的 SZ、BD II 和 MDD 个体的认知功能。
本研究旨在通过评估 235 名参与者(40 名健康对照者、58 名 SZ 患者、72 名 BD II 患者和 65 名 MDD 患者)的认知表现来解决这一差距,使用重复性成套神经心理状态评估量表(RBANS),在 SZ、BD II 和 MDD 患者接受 12 周治疗前后进行评估。需要澄清的是,健康对照者仅在基线时接受 RBANS 测试,而患者组在治疗前后进行评估。SZ 患者的症状严重程度使用阳性和阴性症状量表(PANSS)进行测量,BD II 和 MDD 患者的抑郁使用汉密尔顿抑郁量表-24 项(HAMD-24 项)进行评估。
有 200 名参与者完成了 12 周的治疗期,由于各种原因有 35 名参与者退出。这一组包括 49 名 SZ 患者、58 名 BD II 患者和 53 名 MDD 患者。在 SZ 患者中,与初始评分相比,治疗 12 周后即时记忆和延迟记忆均有显著改善。同样,BD II 患者在治疗后即时记忆和延迟记忆也有显著改善。然而,在治疗 12 周后,MDD 患者的 RBANS 评分没有显著变化。
总之,本研究的结果表明,BD II 和 SZ 个体可能在认知领域存在相似的缺陷。需要注意的是,标准化的临床治疗可能对改善 BD II 和 SZ 患者的认知功能有不同程度的有效性,这可能潜在地减轻认知功能障碍。