Johnson Marcia K
Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; email:
Annu Rev Psychol. 2025 Jan;76(1):1-28. doi: 10.1146/annurev-psych-062424-112106. Epub 2024 Dec 3.
The capacity to change with experience infuses our perceptions, thoughts, and actions in and about the past, present, and future. The cognitive system supporting this capacity for change can be exquisitely responsive to external events and yet can influence how those external events affect us. This interplay between the external and internal has been a major theme of my lab group's research. We proposed that the fundamental ambiguity of subjective experience requires ongoing reality monitoring processes for evaluating its veridicality and proposed a source monitoring framework for exploring the encoding, activation, and evaluation of information. We further proposed a functional architecture, a multiple-entry modular memory system, that characterizes component subprocesses of cognition that give rise to remembering and other subjective phenomena (e.g., knowledge, beliefs, emotion, consciousness, self). I first discuss these approaches and some issues they address and then describe some educational and professional experiences that provided opportunities to investigate this fascinating epistemological puzzle.
随经验而改变的能力贯穿于我们对过去、现在和未来的认知、思考及行动之中。支持这种改变能力的认知系统能够对外界事件做出极为敏锐的反应，同时也能影响这些外界事件对我们的作用方式。这种内外之间的相互作用一直是我实验室团队研究的一个主要主题。我们提出，主观体验的根本模糊性需要持续的现实监测过程来评估其真实性，并提出了一个源监测框架来探索信息的编码、激活和评估。我们还进一步提出了一种功能架构，即多入口模块化记忆系统，它描述了产生记忆及其他主观现象（如知识、信念、情感、意识、自我）的认知组成子过程。我首先讨论这些方法及其所解决的一些问题，然后描述一些教育和专业经历，这些经历为研究这个引人入胜的认识论难题提供了机会。
