Department of Orthopaedics, Emory Musculoskeletal Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; Department of Health Sciences and Technology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
Exp Gerontol. 2024 Nov;197:112600. doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112600. Epub 2024 Oct 3.
Coexistent sarcopenia and frailty is more strongly associated with adverse health outcomes than each condition alone. As the importance of coexistent sarcopenia and frailty increases, exploring their underlying mechanisms is warranted. Recently, noncoding ribonucleic acids (RNAs) have been suggested as potential biomarkers of sarcopenia and frailty. This systematic review aimed to summarize noncoding RNAs commonly expressed in sarcopenia and frailty, and to search the predicted target genes and biological pathways of them.
We systematically searched the literatures on PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Scopus for literature published till November 15, 2023. A total of 7,202 literatures were initially retrieved. After de-duplication, 34 studies (26 sarcopenia-related and 8 frailty-related) were full-text reviewed, and 15 studies (11 sarcopenia-related and 4 frailty-related) were finally included.
miR-29a-3p, miR-29b-3p, and miR-328 were identified as commonly expressed in same direction in sarcopenia and frailty. These microRNAs (miRNAs), identified in the literature search using PubMed, modulate transforming growth factor-β signaling via extracellular matrix components and calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T cells 3 signaling via sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca ATPase 2a, which are involved in regulating skeletal muscle fibrosis and the growth of slow-twitch muscle fibers, respectively. miR-155-5p, miR-486, and miR-23a-3p were also commonly expressed in two conditions, although in different or conflicting directions.
In this systematic review, we highlight the potential of shared miRNAs that exhibit consistent expression patterns as biomarkers for the early diagnosis and progression assessment of both sarcopenia and frailty.
共存的肌肉减少症和衰弱与单独存在的每一种情况相比，与更差的健康结果有更强的相关性。随着共存的肌肉减少症和衰弱的重要性增加，探索其潜在机制是有必要的。最近，非编码核糖核酸（RNAs）被认为是肌肉减少症和衰弱的潜在生物标志物。本系统综述旨在总结常见于肌肉减少症和衰弱的非编码 RNA，并搜索它们的预测靶基因和生物学途径。
我们系统地检索了 PubMed、Embase、Cochrane 图书馆、Web of Science 和 Scopus 上截至 2023 年 11 月 15 日发表的文献。最初共检索到 7202 篇文献。经过去重后，对 34 篇文献（26 篇与肌肉减少症相关，8 篇与衰弱相关）进行了全文审查，最终纳入了 15 篇文献（11 篇与肌肉减少症相关，4 篇与衰弱相关）。
miR-29a-3p、miR-29b-3p 和 miR-328 被确定为在肌肉减少症和衰弱中具有相同方向的共同表达。这些 microRNAs（miRNAs）在文献检索中使用 PubMed 鉴定，通过细胞外基质成分调节转化生长因子-β信号，通过肌浆/内质网 Ca ATPase 2a 调节钙调神经磷酸酶/激活 T 细胞核因子 3 信号，分别参与调节骨骼肌纤维化和慢肌纤维的生长。miR-155-5p、miR-486 和 miR-23a-3p 也在两种情况下共同表达，尽管表达方向不同或相反。
在本系统综述中，我们强调了具有一致表达模式的共享 miRNAs 作为肌肉减少症和衰弱的早期诊断和进展评估的生物标志物的潜力。
