Department of Pharmacology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India.
World J Gastroenterol. 2024 Sep 7;30(33):3810-3817. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i33.3810.
Cancer cell dormancy (CCD) in colorectal cancer (CRC) poses a significant challenge to effective treatment. In CRC, CCD contributes to tumour recurrence, drug resistance, and amplifying the disease's burden. The molecular mechanisms governing CCD and strategies for eliminating dormant cancer cells remain largely unexplored. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms governing dormancy is crucial for improving patient outcomes and developing targeted therapies. This editorial highlights the complex interplay of signalling pathways and factors involved in colorectal CCD, emphasizing the roles of Hippo/YAP, pluripotent transcription factors such as NANOG, HIF-1α signalling, and Notch signalling pathways. Additionally, ERK/p38α/β/MAPK pathways, AKT signalling pathway, and Extracellular Matrix Metalloproteinase Inducer, along with some potential less explored pathways such as STAT/p53 switch and canonical and non-canonical Wnt and SMAD signalling, are also involved in promoting colorectal CCD. Highlighting their clinical significance, these findings may offer the potential for identifying key dormancy regulator pathways, improving treatment strategies, surmounting drug resistance, and advancing personalized medicine approaches. Moreover, insights into dormancy mechanisms could lead to the development of predictive biomarkers for identifying patients at risk of recurrence and the tailoring of targeted therapies based on individual dormancy profiles. It is essential to conduct further research into these pathways and their modulation to fully comprehend CRC dormancy mechanisms and enhance patient outcomes.
结直肠癌中的癌细胞休眠(CCD)对有效治疗构成了重大挑战。在结直肠癌中,CCD 导致肿瘤复发、耐药性,并加重了疾病负担。调控 CCD 的分子机制以及消除休眠癌细胞的策略在很大程度上仍未得到探索。因此,了解调控休眠的分子机制对于改善患者预后和开发靶向治疗至关重要。本社论强调了参与结直肠 CCD 的信号通路和因素的复杂相互作用,强调了 Hippo/YAP、多能转录因子(如 NANOG)、HIF-1α 信号通路和 Notch 信号通路的作用。此外,ERK/p38α/β/MAPK 通路、AKT 信号通路和细胞外基质金属蛋白酶诱导物,以及一些潜在的探索较少的通路,如 STAT/p53 开关和经典和非经典 Wnt 和 SMAD 信号通路,也参与促进结直肠 CCD。这些发现强调了它们的临床意义,可能为鉴定关键休眠调节途径提供潜力,改善治疗策略,克服耐药性,并推进个性化医学方法。此外,对休眠机制的深入了解可能会导致开发预测性生物标志物,以识别有复发风险的患者,并根据个体休眠特征定制靶向治疗。深入研究这些途径及其调节对于全面理解结直肠癌休眠机制和改善患者预后至关重要。
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