Montoya-Buelna Margarita, Ramirez-Lopez Inocencia G, San Juan-Garcia Cesar A, Garcia-Regalado Jose J, Millan-Sanchez Mariana S, de la Cruz-Mosso Ulises, Haramati Jesse, Pereira-Suarez Ana L, Macias-Barragan Jose
Laboratorio de Inmunología, Departamento de Fisiología, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico.
Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Centro Universitario de los Valles, Universidad de Guadalajara, Ameca 46600, Jalisco, Mexico.
World J Hepatol. 2024 Sep 27;16(9):1211-1228. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v16.i9.1211.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small particles released by many cell types in different tissues, including the liver, and transfer specific cargo molecules from originating cells to receptor cells. This process generally culminates in activation of distant cells and inflammation and progression of certain diseases. The global chronic liver disease (CLD) epidemic is estimated at 1.5 billion patients worldwide. Cirrhosis and liver cancer are the most common risk factors for CLD. However, hepatitis C and B virus infection and obesity are also highly associated with CLD. Nonetheless, the etiology of many CLD pathophysiological, cellular, and molecular events are unclear. Changes in hepatic lipid metabolism can lead to lipotoxicity events that induce EV release. Here, we aimed to present an overview of EV features, from definition to types and biogenesis, with particular focus on the molecules related to steatosis-related liver disease, diagnosis, and therapy.
细胞外囊泡（EVs）是由包括肝脏在内的不同组织中的多种细胞类型释放的小颗粒，它们将特定的货物分子从起源细胞转移到受体细胞。这个过程通常最终会导致远处细胞的激活、炎症以及某些疾病的进展。据估计，全球慢性肝病（CLD）流行患者达15亿。肝硬化和肝癌是CLD最常见的危险因素。然而，丙型和乙型肝炎病毒感染以及肥胖也与CLD高度相关。尽管如此，许多CLD病理生理、细胞和分子事件的病因仍不清楚。肝脏脂质代谢的变化可导致诱导EV释放的脂毒性事件。在这里，我们旨在概述EV的特征，从定义到类型和生物发生，特别关注与脂肪变性相关肝病、诊断和治疗相关的分子。
