Du Baoguo, Franzisky Bastian Leander, Muhammad Waqas, Alfarraj Saleh, Geilfus Christoph-Martin, Rennenberg Heinz
College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Ecological Security and Protection Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, China.
Chair of Tree Physiology, Institute of Forest Sciences, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Plant Cell Environ. 2025 Jan;48(1):768-780. doi: 10.1111/pce.15188. Epub 2024 Oct 1.
Increasing desertification constitutes a global environmental problem, mainly driven by climate change and inappropriate land-use that limits agriculture, forestry and human colonization. The selection of suitable plant species to mitigate desertification is particularly challenging, as it usually requires simultaneous counteraction against a whole set of unfavourable environmental conditions, including heat, drought, high tropospheric ozone and salinity. It therefore seems useful to identify the survival strategies of plants native in desert environments. Date palm constitutes a plant species native in desert environments and cultivated worldwide in arid regions that have been studied intensively for stress defence during the last decade. The present review summarizes the current state of biochemical stress defence mechanisms including avoidance, osmotic and metabolic adjustments and reactive oxygen species scavenging, addresses whole-plant regulations and trade-off between stress compensation/defence and growth of date palms. The review advances our knowledge about how this typical desert species copes with both individual and multiple environmental stresses at the cellular to the whole-plant level, and identifies areas of future research required to fully understand the strategies of this plant species to survive in the desert, thereby contributing to efforts for the mitigation of climate change and desertification.
日益严重的荒漠化构成了一个全球性环境问题，其主要驱动力是气候变化和不当的土地利用，这限制了农业、林业和人类定居。选择合适的植物物种来缓解荒漠化极具挑战性，因为这通常需要同时应对一整套不利的环境条件，包括高温、干旱、对流层高浓度臭氧和盐碱化。因此，确定沙漠环境中本土植物的生存策略似乎很有用。枣椰树是一种原产于沙漠环境的植物物种，在全球干旱地区广泛种植，在过去十年中人们对其抗逆防御进行了深入研究。本综述总结了生化抗逆防御机制的现状，包括避逆、渗透和代谢调节以及活性氧清除，探讨了枣椰树的整体调控以及胁迫补偿/防御与生长之间的权衡。该综述增进了我们对这种典型沙漠物种如何在细胞到整株水平应对单一和多种环境胁迫的了解，并确定了为全面理解该植物物种在沙漠中生存的策略所需的未来研究领域，从而有助于缓解气候变化和荒漠化的努力。
