Dash Nistha R, Singh Gaurav, Mohapatra Atish, Keshetty Sharan S
Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Raipur, IND.
Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Raipur, IND.
Cureus. 2024 Aug 31;16(8):e68350. doi: 10.7759/cureus.68350. eCollection 2024 Aug.
Modern medicine is well-versed in aseptic and infection control practices, such as hand hygiene, proper use of disinfectants, and personal protective equipment. The early 1800s lacked any concept of effective antisepsis because they predominantly believed in the miasma theory (now abandoned), which believed that disease was caused by bad air coming out of rotting organic matter. In the era of "miasma theory," Ignaz Semmelweis dared to pave the way for germ theory disease. Vienna General Hospital supported his work, but his hypothesis remained unpublished and unheard by the rest of the world. In 1861, his major publication, "The etiology, concept, and prophylaxis of childbed fever," sparked strong opposition and rejection of his theories. His mental condition deteriorated due to the strong rejection and criticism from his peers, leading to the development of amnesia, anxiety, and severe depression. He was unfortunately admitted to an Austrian asylum, where he was confined and beaten. Eventually, the man who conquered puerperal fever succumbed to septicemia due to an infected wound from the beating.
现代医学精通无菌和感染控制措施,如手部卫生、正确使用消毒剂和个人防护装备。19世纪早期缺乏有效的防腐概念,因为当时人们主要信奉瘴气理论(现已被摒弃),该理论认为疾病是由腐烂有机物散发的污浊空气引起的。在“瘴气理论”时代,伊格纳兹·塞麦尔维斯敢于为病菌致病理论铺平道路。维也纳总医院支持他的工作,但他的假说仍未发表,也未被世界其他地方知晓。1861年,他的主要著作《产褥热的病因、概念及预防》引发了对其理论的强烈反对和抵制。由于同行的强烈抵制和批评,他的精神状况恶化,导致失忆、焦虑和严重抑郁。不幸的是,他被送进了一家奥地利精神病院,在那里他受到了监禁和殴打。最终,这位战胜产褥热的人因殴打造成的伤口感染而死于败血症。