Department of Pharmacy, Biju Patnaik University of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India.
School of Pharmacy & Life Sciences, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
Recent Adv Drug Deliv Formul. 2024;18(4):227-246. doi: 10.2174/0126673878299775240719061653.
Protein and peptide-based drugs have greater therapeutic efficacy and potential application and lower toxicity compared to chemical entities in long-term use within optimum concentration as they are easily biodegradable due to biological origin. While oral administration is preferable, most of these substances are currently administered intravenously or subcutaneously. This is primarily due to the breakdown and poor absorption in the GI tract. Hence, ongoing research is focused on investigating absorption enhancers, enzyme inhibitors, carrier systems, and stability enhancers as potential strategies to facilitate the oral administration of proteins and peptides. Investigations have been directed towards advancing novel technologies to address gastrointestinal (GI) barriers associated with protein and peptide medications. The current review intensifies formulation and stability approaches for oral protein & peptide drug delivery systems with all significant parameters intended for patient safety. Notably, certain innovative technologies have been patented and are currently undergoing clinical trials or have already been introduced into the market. All the approaches stated for the administration of protein and peptide drugs are critically discussed, having their current status, future directions, and recent patents published in the last decades.
与化学实体药物相比，蛋白质和肽类药物在最佳浓度下长期使用具有更高的治疗效果和潜在应用，且毒性更低，因为它们具有生物起源，因此很容易生物降解。虽然口服给药是首选，但目前这些物质主要通过静脉注射或皮下注射给药。这主要是由于在胃肠道（GI）中分解和吸收不良。因此，目前的研究重点是研究吸收增强剂、酶抑制剂、载体系统和稳定性增强剂，作为促进蛋白质和肽类口服给药的潜在策略。研究旨在开发新的技术，以解决与蛋白质和肽类药物相关的胃肠道（GI）障碍。本综述加强了口服蛋白和肽类药物传递系统的制剂和稳定性方法，所有旨在保障患者安全的重要参数都包括在内。值得注意的是，某些创新技术已经获得专利，目前正在进行临床试验或已经进入市场。所有用于管理蛋白质和肽类药物的方法都进行了批判性讨论，包括它们的现状、未来方向和最近几十年来发布的专利。
