Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Changzhou 213017, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
Wujin Hospital Affiliated With Jiangsu University, Changzhou Wujin People's Hospital, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213004, China; Changzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Cancer Medicine, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University (Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University), Changzhou 213017, China; Wujin Institute of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Cancer Medicine of Jiangsu University, Changzhou 213017, China.
Biomed Pharmacother. 2024 Nov;180:117502. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117502. Epub 2024 Oct 1.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are vesicle-like bodies with a double membrane structure that are released from the cell membrane or secreted by cells into the extracellular environment. These include exosomes, microvesicles, and apoptotic bodies. There is growing evidence indicating that the composition of liver cell contents changes following injury. The quantity of EVs and the biologically active substances they carry vary depending on the condition of the liver cells. Hepatocytes utilize EVs to modulate the functions of different liver cells and transfer them to distant organs via the systemic circulation, thereby playing a crucial role in intercellular communication. This review provides a concise overview of the research on the effects and potential mechanisms of hepatocyte-derived EVs (Hep-EVs) on liver diseases and extrahepatic diseases under different physiological and pathological conditions. Common liver diseases discussed include non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), viral hepatitis, alcoholic liver disease, drug-induced liver damage, and liver cancer. Given that NAFLD is the most prevalent chronic liver disease globally, this review particularly highlights the use of hepatocyte-derived EVs in NAFLD for disease progression, diagnosis, and treatment.
细胞外囊泡 (EVs) 是具有双层膜结构的囊泡样体，由细胞膜释放或细胞分泌到细胞外环境中。这些包括外泌体、微泡和凋亡小体。越来越多的证据表明，细胞内容物的组成在损伤后会发生变化。EVs 的数量及其携带的生物活性物质的数量取决于肝细胞的状况。肝细胞利用 EVs 调节不同肝细胞的功能，并通过全身循环将其转移到远处的器官，从而在细胞间通讯中发挥重要作用。本综述简要概述了在不同生理和病理条件下，肝细胞来源的 EVs (Hep-EVs) 对肝脏疾病和肝外疾病的影响及其潜在机制的研究。讨论的常见肝脏疾病包括非酒精性脂肪性肝病 (NAFLD)、病毒性肝炎、酒精性肝病、药物性肝损伤和肝癌。鉴于 NAFLD 是全球最常见的慢性肝脏疾病，本综述特别强调了肝细胞来源的 EVs 在 NAFLD 疾病进展、诊断和治疗中的应用。
