Department of Pathology, Saint Louis University, MO, USA.
Department of Pathology, Saint Louis University, MO, USA.
Mol Aspects Med. 2018 Apr;60:115-122. doi: 10.1016/j.mam.2017.11.001. Epub 2017 Nov 11.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane derived nanometer-sized vesicles. EVs are released by normal, diseased, and transformed cells in vitro and in vivo, and carry lipids, proteins, mRNAs, non-coding RNAs, and even DNA out of cells. Transferring biological information via EVs to neighboring cells and inter-cellular communication not only maintain physiological functions, but also involve in the pathogenesis of several diseases, including cancer. The aim of this review is to discuss the emerging role of EVs in viral hepatitis, non-alcoholic or alcoholic liver disease and liver cancers. We summarize what is known about exosome biogenesis, and role in liver disease progression, and discuss the potential clinical applications of EVs as predictive biomarkers and therapeutic modalities.
细胞外囊泡（EVs）是由细胞膜衍生的纳米级囊泡。EVs 由体外和体内的正常、患病和转化细胞释放，携带细胞外的脂质、蛋白质、mRNA、非编码 RNA，甚至 DNA。通过 EV 将生物信息传递到邻近细胞和细胞间通讯不仅维持生理功能，而且还涉及几种疾病的发病机制，包括癌症。本综述的目的是讨论 EV 在病毒性肝炎、非酒精性或酒精性肝病和肝癌中的新作用。我们总结了关于外泌体生物发生及其在肝病进展中的作用的已知信息，并讨论了 EV 作为预测生物标志物和治疗方式的潜在临床应用。
