Department of Human Pathology of Adulthood and Childhood, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
Pediatric Unit "G. Martino", University Hospital, Messina, Italy.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2024 Sep 19;15:1426021. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1426021. eCollection 2024.
Childhood obesity represents a major public health issue worldwide. Evidence showed the need to implement prevention strategies mainly focused on lifestyle habits. Sleep hygiene is a variable of great interest and this review systematically examined the effects of sleep duration in increasing childhood obesity risk.
A systematic literature review was conducted from December 2023 to February 2024. Study selection and data extraction procedures were performed in accordance with Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Guidelines and Statement, and risk of publication bias was assessed by the Effective Public Health Practice Project Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies.
Original works in English were eligible for review and eleven studies that met the inclusion criteria were included. Studies collected were heterogeneous in terms of duration, sample characteristics, hours of sleep manipulation, anthropometric and hematological parameters collected, therefore it was not possible to perform a meta-analysis. A narrative synthesis of the reported evidence highlighted the impact of sleep duration above all on food intake, eating habits and hormone levels and consequently on the risk of childhood obesity development.
This finding suggests the need to consider sleep hygiene as a modifiable lifestyle habit like diet and physical activity, in order to early prevent childhood obesity. Poor sleep hygiene can significantly contribute to weight gain and exacerbation of metabolic disorders linked to childhood obesity. Although more rigorous studies are needed, clinicians need to be aware of the role of sleep hygiene in reducing childhood obesity risk.
儿童肥胖是一个全球性的重大公共卫生问题。有证据表明，需要实施主要侧重于生活方式习惯的预防策略。睡眠卫生是一个非常重要的变量，本综述系统地检查了睡眠时间对增加儿童肥胖风险的影响。
从 2023 年 12 月至 2024 年 2 月进行了系统的文献综述。研究选择和数据提取程序符合系统评价和荟萃分析报告项目（PRISMA）指南和声明，并使用有效公共卫生实践项目质量评估工具评估发表偏倚的风险定量研究。
符合审查标准的原创英文作品均合格，共有 11 项符合纳入标准的研究被纳入。这些研究在持续时间、样本特征、睡眠干预时间、收集的人体测量和血液学参数方面存在差异，因此无法进行荟萃分析。对报告证据的叙述性综合分析强调了睡眠时间对食物摄入、饮食习惯和激素水平的影响，以及对儿童肥胖发展风险的影响。
这一发现表明，有必要像饮食和体育活动一样，将睡眠卫生视为一种可改变的生活方式习惯，以尽早预防儿童肥胖。不良的睡眠卫生习惯会显著导致体重增加和代谢紊乱的恶化，这些都与儿童肥胖有关。尽管需要更严格的研究，但临床医生需要意识到睡眠卫生在降低儿童肥胖风险方面的作用。
