青少年生活方式行为与肥胖的聚类分析：来自 SI! 中学项目的研究结果。
Clustering of lifestyle behaviors and adiposity in early adolescents in Spain: findings from the SI! Program for Secondary Schools.
机构信息
Foundation for Science, Health, and Education (SHE), 08011, Barcelona, Spain.
Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029, Madrid, Spain.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2023 Aug 12;23(1):1535. doi: 10.1186/s12889-023-16461-6.
BACKGROUND
Several unhealthy lifestyle behaviors in adolescence are often linked to overweight/obesity. Some of them may be present simultaneously, leading to combined effects on health. Therefore, the clustering of several unhealthy behaviors in adolescents might be associated with adiposity excess.
PURPOSE
To identify lifestyle patterns and analyze their association with adiposity in early adolescents.
METHODS
A cross-sectional cluster analysis was performed in 1183 adolescents (50.5% girls) with a mean age of 12.5 (0.4) years included in the SI! Program for Secondary Schools in Spain to identify lifestyle patterns based on healthy diet, step counts, sleep time, and leisure screen time. Generalized mixed models were applied to estimate the association between lifestyle patterns and adiposity indices.
RESULTS
Four lifestyle patterns were derived: Cluster 1-higher screen time and poorer diet (n = 213), Cluster 2-lower activity and longer sleepers (n = 388), Cluster 3-active and shorter sleepers (n = 280), and Cluster 4-healthiest (n = 302). Except for the number of steps (12,008 (2357) day), the lifestyle behaviors in our sample presented levels far below the recommendations, especially for sleep duration. Cluster 4 included the largest proportion of adolescents from high socioeconomic status families (47.7%) and the lowest prevalence of overweight/obesity (23.1%). Compared to Cluster 4-healthiest, adolescents in the remaining clusters presented a higher prevalence of overweight/obesity and central obesity, showing Cluster 3 the highest prevalences (PR:1.31 [95%CI: 1.31, 1.31] and PR:1.40 [95%CI: 1.33, 1.47]).
CONCLUSIONS
Clustering of lifestyle patterns in early adolescence allows the identification of individuals with excess adiposity, in whom health promotion strategies should be stressed, especially in socioeconomically disadvantaged groups.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
Clinical Trial Registry, NCT03504059. Registered 20/04/2018-Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03504059 .
背景
青少年时期的一些不健康生活方式行为往往与超重/肥胖有关。其中一些可能同时存在，对健康产生综合影响。因此，青少年几种不健康行为的聚集可能与肥胖有关。
目的
确定生活方式模式，并分析其与青少年早期肥胖的关系。
方法
对西班牙 SI! 中学计划中纳入的 1183 名青少年（50.5%为女孩）进行横断面聚类分析，根据健康饮食、步数、睡眠时间和休闲屏幕时间确定生活方式模式。应用广义混合模型估计生活方式模式与肥胖指数之间的关系。
结果
得出了 4 种生活方式模式：Cluster 1-屏幕时间较高且饮食较差（n=213），Cluster 2-活动量较低且睡眠时间较长（n=388），Cluster 3-活跃且睡眠时间较短（n=280），Cluster 4-最健康（n=302）。除了步数（12008（2357）步）外，我们样本中的生活方式行为远低于推荐水平，尤其是睡眠时间。Cluster 4 中来自高社会经济地位家庭的青少年比例最大（47.7%），超重/肥胖的比例最低（23.1%）。与 Cluster 4-最健康相比，其余各聚类的青少年超重/肥胖和中心性肥胖的比例更高，其中 Cluster 3 的比例最高（PR：1.31[95%CI：1.31，1.31]和 PR：1.40[95%CI：1.33，1.47]）。
结论
青少年早期生活方式模式的聚类可以识别出肥胖过多的个体，应在这些个体中强调健康促进策略，特别是在社会经济地位较低的群体中。
试验注册
临床试验注册中心，NCT03504059。注册日期：2018 年 4 月 20 日-回溯性注册，网址：https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03504059。
Zotero 插件