Evidence-Based Nursing, School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
Department of Nursing, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China.
J Diabetes. 2024 Oct;16(10):e13610. doi: 10.1111/1753-0407.13610.
The prevalence of malnutrition in diabetic patients and its influencing factors remain poorly described. We aim to investigate the prevalence of malnutrition and the influencing factors in diabetic patients through meta-analysis. Utilizing search terms, such as diabetes, malnutrition, and prevalence, we systematically searched eight databases, including Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, China Knowledge Resource Integrated Database (CNKI), Wanfang Database, Chinese Biomedical Database (CBM), and VIP Database, from inception to May 4, 2023. The search aimed to identify studies related to the prevalence of malnutrition and its influencing factors in adult patients with diabetes. Cohort studies, case-control studies, and cross-sectional studies that met the inclusion criteria were included in the analysis. Stata 16.0 software was used for meta-analysis. Quality of the evidence was assessed using Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE). The study protocol is registered with Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO), CRD42023443649. A total of 46 studies were included, involving 18 062 patients with ages ranging from 18 to 95 years. The overall malnutrition prevalence was 33% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.25-0.40), compared with an at-risk prevalence of 44% (95% CI: 0.34-0.54). Sixteen factors associated with malnutrition in diabetic patients were identified. This meta-analysis provides insights into the prevalence of malnutrition and its risk factors in diabetic patients. Regular nutritional screening for patients with risk factors is essential for early detection and intervention.
糖尿病患者营养不良的患病率及其影响因素仍描述不清。我们旨在通过荟萃分析调查糖尿病患者营养不良的患病率及其影响因素。使用糖尿病、营养不良和患病率等检索词，我们系统地检索了 8 个数据库，包括 Embase、PubMed、Web of Science、The Cochrane Library、中国知识资源总库（CNKI）、万方数据库、中国生物医学数据库（CBM）和 VIP 数据库，检索时间截至 2023 年 5 月 4 日。该检索旨在确定与成年糖尿病患者营养不良及其影响因素患病率相关的研究。纳入的分析包括符合纳入标准的队列研究、病例对照研究和横断面研究。使用 Stata 16.0 软件进行荟萃分析。使用推荐评估、制定与评价（GRADE）对证据质量进行评估。研究方案已在系统评价前瞻性登记库（PROSPERO）中注册，注册号为 CRD42023443649。共纳入 46 项研究，涉及年龄 18 至 95 岁的 18062 例患者。总体营养不良患病率为 33%（95%置信区间 [CI]：0.25-0.40），有风险的患病率为 44%（95% CI：0.34-0.54）。确定了 16 个与糖尿病患者营养不良相关的因素。这项荟萃分析提供了糖尿病患者营养不良患病率及其危险因素的见解。对有危险因素的患者进行常规营养筛查对于早期发现和干预至关重要。
