The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.
PLoS One. 2021 Oct 28;16(10):e0259300. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259300. eCollection 2021.
Malnutrition has a high occurrence in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). The prevalence of malnutrition and its impact on all-cause mortality in patients with CHF were assessed using a meta-analysis.
PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Medline, CBM, CNKI, WANFANG DATA, and VIP databases were searched to collect cross-sectional and cohort studies on malnutrition, and the prevalence and all-cause mortality of patients with CHF were determined. The time of retrieval was from the database establishment to May 2021. Two researchers independently performed screening of the literature, data extraction and assessed the risk of bias in the included studies. Then Stata 16.0 software was used for meta-analysis.
A total of 10 cross-sectional and 21 cohort studies were included, including 12537 patients with CHF. A meta-analysis demonstrated that the total prevalence of malnutrition in patients with heart failure was 46% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.43, 0.49). Compared to patients with non-malnutrition, malnutrition increased the risk of all-cause mortality in patients with CHF (hazard ratio = 2.15, 95% CI [1.89, 2.45], P < 0.05).
Current evidence suggests that the prevalence of malnutrition is high among patients with CHF. The risk of all-cause mortality in such patients can be increased by malnutrition. Therefore, the risk of malnutrition in patients with CHF should be considered to reduce the occurrence of adverse clinical outcomes.
营养不良在慢性心力衰竭（CHF）患者中发生率较高。本研究采用荟萃分析评估 CHF 患者营养不良的发生率及其对全因死亡率的影响。
检索 PubMed、Embase、Cochrane 图书馆、Web of Science、Medline、CBM、CNKI、WANFANG DATA 和 VIP 数据库，收集有关营养不良和 CHF 患者全因死亡率的横断面和队列研究，确定 CHF 患者营养不良的患病率和全因死亡率。检索时间为数据库建立至 2021 年 5 月。两名研究人员独立进行文献筛选、数据提取，并评估纳入研究的偏倚风险。然后采用 Stata 16.0 软件进行荟萃分析。
共纳入 10 项横断面研究和 21 项队列研究，包括 12537 例 CHF 患者。荟萃分析结果显示，心力衰竭患者营养不良的总患病率为 46%（95%置信区间：0.43，0.49）。与非营养不良患者相比，营养不良增加了 CHF 患者全因死亡率的风险（风险比=2.15，95%置信区间：1.89，2.45，P<0.05）。
目前的证据表明，CHF 患者营养不良的发生率较高。营养不良可增加此类患者全因死亡率的风险。因此，应考虑 CHF 患者发生营养不良的风险，以降低不良临床结局的发生。
