Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI, USA; Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
Curr Opin Immunol. 2024 Dec;91:102497. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2024.102497. Epub 2024 Oct 3.
Neutrophils, the first responders of the innate immune system, can turn on a range of effector functions upon activation. Emerging research shows activated neutrophils undergo highly dynamic metabolic rewiring. This metabolic rewiring provides energy and reducing power to fuel effector functions and modulate signaling molecules to regulate neutrophil functions. Here, we review the current understanding of the specific metabolic requirements and regulators of neutrophil migration, neutrophil extracellular traps release, and pathogen killing. Particularly, we discuss how major carbohydrate metabolic pathways, including glycolysis, glycogen cycling, pentose phosphate pathway, and TCA cycle, are rewired upon neutrophil activation to support these functions. Continued investigation into the metabolic regulators of neutrophil functions can lead to therapeutic opportunities in various diseases.
中性粒细胞是先天免疫系统的第一反应者，在激活后可以开启一系列效应功能。新的研究表明，激活的中性粒细胞经历了高度动态的代谢重编程。这种代谢重编程为效应功能提供能量和还原力，并调节信号分子以调节中性粒细胞的功能。在这里，我们综述了目前对中性粒细胞迁移、中性粒细胞胞外诱捕网释放和病原体杀伤的特定代谢需求和调节剂的理解。特别是，我们讨论了糖酵解、糖原循环、戊糖磷酸途径和 TCA 循环等主要碳水化合物代谢途径在中性粒细胞激活时如何被重新布线以支持这些功能。对中性粒细胞功能的代谢调节剂的进一步研究可以为各种疾病的治疗提供机会。
