英国从未定期吸烟的成年人中的蒸气吸入：基于人群的研究，2016-2024 年。

Vaping among adults in England who have never regularly smoked: a population-based study, 2016-24.

机构信息

Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK; SPECTRUM Consortium, Edinburgh, UK.

出版信息

Lancet Public Health. 2024 Oct;9(10):e755-e765. doi: 10.1016/S2468-2667(24)00183-X.

DOI:10.1016/S2468-2667(24)00183-X

PMID:39366731

Abstract

BACKGROUND

E-cigarettes are increasingly used by smokers and ex-smokers, often to support smoking cessation, but also among those who have never regularly smoked. The aim of our study is to estimate time trends in vaping prevalence among adults who have never regularly smoked and describe the profile of adult never-regular-smokers who vape.

METHODS

In this nationally representative, monthly cross-sectional survey in England, 153 073 participants (aged ≥18 years) were recruited from July, 2016, to April, 2024. 94 107 (61·5%) of the 153 073 participants had never regularly smoked. Logistic regression estimated associations between survey wave and current vaping, overall, and by sociodemographic characteristics and alcohol consumption.

FINDINGS

Vaping prevalence among never-regular-smokers was relatively stable up to 2021, at an average of 0·5% (95% CI 0·5-0·6) between July, 2016, and December, 2020; it then increased rapidly, reaching 3·5% (2·8-4·4) in April, 2024. This increase was largely driven by young adults (19·0% [13·9-25·4] among individuals aged 18 years) and those with higher alcohol consumption levels (22·1% [11·7-37·8%] among the heaviest drinkers). By contrast, trends among all adults (including current and former smokers) suggested the rise in vaping prevalence plateaued among all ages by early 2023. In 2023-24, 55·6% (48·2-62·8) of never-regular-smokers who vaped reported vaping daily; 81·7% (75·4-86·7) had been vaping for 6 months or more. The most used devices in 2023-24 were disposables (50·2% [42·9-57·5]) and the most commonly used e-liquids contained 20 mg/mL or more nicotine (44·6% [37·4-52·0]).

INTERPRETATION

The number of adults in England who vape but have never regularly smoked rose rapidly between 2021 and 2024, particularly in younger age groups and most of these individuals reported vaping regularly over a sustained period. The public health impacts of this finding will depend on what these people would otherwise be doing: it is likely that some might have smoked if vaping were not an available option (exposing them to more harm), whereas others might not have smoked or vaped.

FUNDING

Cancer Research UK.

摘要

背景

电子烟越来越多地被吸烟者和曾经的吸烟者使用，通常是为了支持戒烟，但也有一些从未定期吸烟的人使用。我们研究的目的是估计从未定期吸烟的成年人中吸电子烟的流行趋势，并描述吸电子烟的成年从不吸烟者的特征。

方法

本研究为在英格兰进行的全国代表性、每月一次的横断面调查，于 2016 年 7 月至 2024 年 4 月期间招募了 153073 名（年龄≥18 岁）参与者。在 153073 名参与者中，有 94107 名（61.5%）从未定期吸烟。逻辑回归估计了调查波次与当前吸电子烟之间的关联，包括总体情况以及社会人口特征和饮酒情况。

结果

在 2021 年之前，从不吸烟者吸电子烟的比例相对稳定，2016 年 7 月至 2020 年 12 月期间的平均比例为 0.5%（95%CI 0.5-0.6）；然后迅速增加，到 2024 年 4 月达到 3.5%（2.8-4.4）。这种增加主要是由年轻人（18 岁人群中 19.0%[13.9-25.4]）和饮酒水平较高的人群（重度饮酒者中 22.1%[11.7-37.8%]）推动的。相比之下，所有成年人（包括当前吸烟者和曾经吸烟者）的趋势表明，到 2023 年初，所有年龄段的吸电子烟比例上升趋势已经趋于平稳。在 2023-24 年期间，55.6%（48.2-62.8）的吸电子烟从不吸烟者报告每天吸电子烟；81.7%（75.4-86.7）的人已经吸电子烟 6 个月或更长时间。2023-24 年最常用的设备是一次性电子烟（50.2%[42.9-57.5]），最常用的电子烟液含有 20mg/ml 或更高浓度的尼古丁（44.6%[37.4-52.0]）。

结论

在 2021 年至 2024 年期间，英格兰从不定期吸烟但吸电子烟的成年人数量迅速增加，特别是在年轻人群中，其中大多数人在持续一段时间内定期吸电子烟。这一发现对公共健康的影响将取决于这些人原本会做什么：如果吸电子烟不是一个可行的选择，一些人可能会吸烟（使他们受到更多的伤害），而另一些人可能不会吸烟或吸电子烟。