Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Translation Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Department of Nutrition, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Aging Clin Exp Res. 2024 Oct 5;36(1):201. doi: 10.1007/s40520-024-02852-1.
Numerous single nutrients have been suggested to be linked with leukocyte telomere length (LTL). However, data on nutrient patterns (NPs), particularly in Chinese population, are scarce. This study aimed to examine the relationship between nutrient-based dietary patterns and LTL, and the potential role of metabolic factors.
Dietary data was obtained via 24-hour food recalls, and principal component analysis (PCA) was used to identify NPs. LTL was assessed using a real-time PCR assay. Multiple linear regression was conducted to determine the association between NPs and LTL. The potential role of metabolism among them was analyzed using mediation models.
A total of 779 individuals from northern China were included in this cross-sectional analysis. Five main nutrient patterns were identified. Adjusted linear regression showed that the "high sodium" pattern was inversely associated with LTL (B=-0.481(-0.549, -0.413), P < 0.05). The "high vitamin E-fat" pattern exhibited a positive correlation (B = 0.099(0.029, 0.170), P < 0.05), whereas the "high vitamin A-vitamin B2" pattern was negatively correlated with LTL (B=-0.120(-0.183, -0.057), P < 0.05), respectively. No significant associations were observed for the remaining nutrient patterns. The mediation model demonstrated that diastolic blood pressure and waist circumference could individually and collectively mediate the negative impact of the "high sodium" pattern on LTL (B=-0.0173(-0.0333, -0.0041), B=-0.0075(-0.0186, -0.0004), B=-0.0033 (-0.0072, -0.0006), all P < 0.05). Moreover, glycosylated hemoglobin and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol mediate the relationship between the "high vitamin E-fat" pattern and LTL (B=0.0170(0.0010,0.0347), B= 0.0335 (0.0067, 0.0626), all P < 0.05), respectively.
The "high sodium" and "high vitamin E-fat" nutrient patterns demonstrated negative and positive associations with LTL and metabolic indicators may play complex mediating roles in these relationships.
许多单一营养素被认为与白细胞端粒长度（LTL）有关。然而，关于营养素模式（NPs）的数据，尤其是在中国人群中的数据还很缺乏。本研究旨在探讨基于营养素的饮食模式与 LTL 之间的关系，以及代谢因素的潜在作用。
通过 24 小时食物回忆获取饮食数据，并使用主成分分析（PCA）来识别 NPs。使用实时 PCR 检测来评估 LTL。采用多元线性回归来确定 NPs 与 LTL 之间的关联。使用中介模型分析其中代谢因素的潜在作用。
本横断面分析共纳入中国北方的 779 人。确定了 5 种主要的营养素模式。调整后的线性回归显示，“高钠”模式与 LTL 呈负相关（B=-0.481(-0.549, -0.413)，P<0.05）。“高维生素 E-脂肪”模式呈正相关（B=0.099(0.029, 0.170)，P<0.05），而“高维生素 A-维生素 B2”模式与 LTL 呈负相关（B=-0.120(-0.183, -0.057)，P<0.05）。其他营养素模式与 LTL 无显著关联。中介模型表明，舒张压和腰围可以单独和共同介导“高钠”模式对 LTL 的负面影响（B=-0.0173(-0.0333, -0.0041)，B=-0.0075(-0.0186, -0.0004)，B=-0.0033 (-0.0072, -0.0006)，均 P<0.05）。此外，糖化血红蛋白和非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇介导“高维生素 E-脂肪”模式与 LTL 之间的关系（B=0.0170(0.0010,0.0347)，B=0.0335 (0.0067, 0.0626)，均 P<0.05）。
“高钠”和“高维生素 E-脂肪”营养素模式与 LTL 呈负相关和正相关，代谢指标可能在这些关系中发挥复杂的中介作用。
