酒精的地理可得性是否会影响青少年饮酒？文献关联的系统综述。
Does geographic availability of alcohol influence drinking in adolescents? A systematic review of literature associations.
机构信息
Public Health and Epidemiology Research Group, School of Medicine, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
Public Health and Epidemiology Research Group, School of Medicine, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Center for Research on Environment, Society and Health (CRESH), School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; SPECTRUM Consortium, UK; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain.
出版信息
Health Place. 2024 Nov;90:103362. doi: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103362. Epub 2024 Oct 4.
BACKGROUND
The role of alcohol geographic availability in influencing adolescent drinking has been debated. However, clear literature consensus has not been reached.
OBJECTIVE
To provide a systematic review of the associations between geographic availability of alcohol outlets measured through different methodologies and drinking outcomes in adolescents.
METHODS
We conducted a systematic search (PubMed/SCOPUS/Web of Science) for articles exploring associations between alcohol availability and adolescent drinking before 2023. Original articles written in English that evaluated adolescent populations (10-19 years old), included at least one quantitative alcohol consumption outcome and its relationship with geographic availability of alcohol, and declared no conflicts of interest were selected for the review. A quality assessment of the selected articles was made using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and descriptive analyses were carried out to summarize results.
RESULTS
Thirty-one articles were reviewed (19 cross-sectional and 12 longitudinal studies), which included a total of 507336 participants. Alcohol availability was positively related to drinking prevalence and risky patterns in 53.3% and 60.5% of associations, respectively. Individual-level covariates, the type of alcohol outlets measured and the different methodological approaches to measure outlet density were related to differences in the direction and magnitude of these associations.
CONCLUSION
Just over half of the studies in this review demonstrate a positive association between alcohol availability and adolescent alcohol consumption with no negative associations reported. The review highlights the mix of methodological approaches that are used, which made it difficult to conduct joint analyses. Additional research is needed to explore the appropriateness, effectiveness and reliability of these methods within various contexts.
背景
酒精地理可得性在影响青少年饮酒方面的作用一直存在争议。然而，目前尚未达成明确的文献共识。
目的
系统综述通过不同方法测量的酒精供应点的地理可得性与青少年饮酒行为之间的关系。
方法
我们对 2023 年前探索酒精供应与青少年饮酒之间关系的文章进行了系统检索（PubMed/SCOPUS/Web of Science）。选择的文章为英文原始文章，评估对象为青少年人群（10-19 岁），包含至少一个定量饮酒结果及其与酒精地理供应的关系，且声明无利益冲突。使用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表对所选文章进行质量评估，并进行描述性分析以总结结果。
结果
共综述了 31 篇文章（19 项横断面研究和 12 项纵向研究），共纳入了 507336 名参与者。酒精供应与饮酒流行率和风险模式呈正相关，分别有 53.3%和 60.5%的关联符合这一结果。个体水平的协变量、测量的酒精供应点类型以及测量供应点密度的不同方法学方法与这些关联的方向和程度的差异有关。
结论
本综述中超过一半的研究表明，酒精供应与青少年饮酒之间存在正相关，且没有报告负相关。该综述强调了目前使用的各种方法学方法的混合，这使得联合分析变得困难。需要进一步的研究来探索这些方法在不同背景下的适当性、有效性和可靠性。
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