Faria Douglas José, Carvalho Anna Paula Azevedo de, Conte-Junior Carlos Adam
Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941909, Brazil.
Research Support Group on Nanomaterials, Polymers, and Interaction with Biosystems (BioNano), Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941909, Brazil.
ACS Omega. 2024 Aug 23;9(39):40298-40314. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.4c06579. eCollection 2024 Oct 1.
Brazil is one of the world's leading producers of staple foods and bioethanol. Lignocellulosic residual sources have been proposed as a promising feedstock for 2G bioethanol and to reduce competition between food and fuels. This work aims to discuss residual biomass from Brazilian agriculture as lignocellulosic feedstock for 2G bioethanol production as bagasse, stalk, stem, and peels, using biorefining concepts to increase ethanol yields. Herein, we focused on biomass chemical characteristics, pretreatment, microorganisms, and optimization of process parameters that define ethanol yields for bench-scale fermentation. Although several techniques, such as carbon capture, linking enzymes to supports, and a consortium of microorganisms, emerge as future alternatives in bioethanol synthesis, these technologies entail necessary optimization efforts before commercial availability. Overcoming these challenges is essential to linking technological innovation to synthesizing environmentally friendly fuels and searching other biomass wastes for 2G bioethanol to increase the biofuel industry's potential. Thus, this work is the first to discuss underutilized lignocellulosic feedstock from other agrifoods beyond sugar cane or corn, such as babassu, tobacco, cassava, orange, cotton, soybean, potatoes, and rice. Residual biomasses combined with optimized pretreatment and mixed fermentation increase hydrolysis efficiency, fermentation, and purification. Therefore, more than a product with a high added value, bioethanol synthesis from Brazilian residual biomass prevents waste production.
巴西是世界主要主食和生物乙醇生产国之一。木质纤维素残余物已被提议作为第二代生物乙醇的一种有前景的原料，以减少食品与燃料之间的竞争。这项工作旨在讨论巴西农业中的残余生物质，如甘蔗渣、秸秆、茎和果皮等作为第二代生物乙醇生产的木质纤维素原料，运用生物精炼概念来提高乙醇产量。在此，我们重点关注生物质的化学特性、预处理、微生物以及确定实验室规模发酵乙醇产量的工艺参数优化。尽管一些技术，如碳捕获、将酶与载体连接以及微生物联合体，作为生物乙醇合成的未来替代方案出现，但这些技术在商业应用前还需要进行必要的优化工作。克服这些挑战对于将技术创新与合成环境友好型燃料以及寻找其他用于第二代生物乙醇的生物质废料以提高生物燃料行业的潜力至关重要。因此，这项工作首次讨论了除甘蔗或玉米之外的其他农产品中未充分利用的木质纤维素原料，如巴巴苏、烟草、木薯、橙子、棉花、大豆、土豆和大米。残余生物质与优化的预处理及混合发酵相结合可提高水解效率、发酵和纯化效果。因此，生物乙醇合成不仅是一种具有高附加值的产品，还能防止巴西残余生物质产生废弃物。
